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A SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS RELATING TO PYTHAGORAS AND PYTHAGOREAN PHILOSOPHY
COMPILED BY DAVID R. FIDELER AND JOSCELYN GODWIN
WHILE THE FOLLOWING BIBLIOGRAPHY of 400 titles cannot be considered as constituting the final word on writings which relate to Pythagorean studies, it does include all the important works that we are familiar with, and some works that are less frequently cited.
To make this bibliography more useful, the listing has been divided into several categories: Pythagorean Texts, Secondary Sources, Classical Philosophy, Mathematics, Music, Astronomy, Medieval and Renaissance, Sacred Geometry, and Whole Systems. A few words of explanation have been added underneath each category heading, and titles are arranged alphabetically by author under each category. The major problem with this format is that certain works could fall into more than one category. Despite this potential shortcoming, it was decided that the virtues of this arrangement outweigh any potential drawbacks.
For individuals who are beginning a study of Pythagorean thought, the best starting point is probably the lengthy and very well written section on the Pythagoreans to be found in W.K.C. Guthrie's History of Greek Philosophy, vol. 1. While his conclusions are not universally accepted, another excellent study is Cornford's article "Science and Mysticism in the Pythagorean Tradition." In terms of general histories of Greek philosophy, the accounts of Pythagorean thought given by John Burnet in Early Greek Philosophy and John Robinson in An Introduction to Early Greek Philosophy are better than most. The topic of Neopythagorean thought in the late Hellenistic period has yet to receive the full scale treatment that it deserves, but good accounts of Neopythagorean philosophers can be found in Dillon's The Middle Platonists. No account of Pythagorean scholarship would be complete without mentioning the massive, though perhaps hypercritical, study of Walter Burkert, Lore and Science in Ancient Pythagoreanism. Two other significant and delightful studies, which approach the topic from somewhat different angles, are Vogel's Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism: An Interpretation of Neglected Evidence on the Philosopher Pythagoras and Heninger's Touches of Sweet Harmony: Pythagorean Cosmology and Renaissance Poetics. Finally, Holger Thesleff has made very important contributions to Pythagorean studies in two volumes, An Introduction to the Pythagorean Writings of the Hellenistic Period and The Pythagorean Writings of the Hellenistic Period. In the latter volume Thesleff has collected together and edited the Greek texts of the Hellenistic Pythagorica.
PYTHAGOREAN TEXTS
The writings in this section are individual Pythagorean or Neopythagorean writings. If these writings appear in this volume, that fact is noted and the page number is given.
Anonymous. Accounts of Pythagorean thought in Sextus Empiricus, Vol. I, 429-39; Vol. 2, 49-57; Vol. 3, 331-61, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1933.
Anonymous. The Golden Verses of the Pythagoreans. Brook, Surrey, Shrine of Wisdom, n.d.
Anonymous. The Golden Verses of Pythagoras. In this volume, 163-65.
Anonymous. The Life of Pythagoras preserved by Photius. In this volume, 137-40.
Anonymous. Pythagorean Symbols or Maxims. In this volume, 159-61.
Apollonius of Tyana. The Letters of Apollonius of Tyana: A Critical Text with Prolegomena, Translation and Commentary by R. J. Penella, Leiden, E.J, Brill, 1979.
Archytas. The Fragments of Archytas. In Chaignet, Pythagore et la philosophie pythagoricienne, Paris, 1874, vol. 1, 256-331; in this volume, 177-201.
Aristoxenus of Tarentum. Apothegms. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 65; in this volume, 243.
Boeckh. Philolaus des Pythagoreer's Lehren, nebst den Bruchstucken seiner Werke. Berlin, 1819.
Brown, Hellen Ann. Philosophorum Pythagoreorum collectionis specimen. Diss., University of Chicago, 1944. (Greek texts.)
Callicratidas. On the Felicity of Families. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 50-57; in this volume, 235-37.
Cardini, Maria Timpanaro, ed. Pitagorici: Testimonianze e frammenti. 3 vols. Florence, La Nuova Italia, 1958-64. (Greek texts.)
Chaignet, A.E. Pythagore et la philosophie pythagoricienne. 2 vols. Paris, Librairie Academique, 1874. (Contains the fragments of Philolaus and Archytas).
Charondas the Catanean. Preface to the Laws of Charondas the Catanean. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 38-45; in this volume, 231-33.
Clinias. A Fragment of Clinias. In Taylor, Life of Pythagoras, 167; in this volume, 265.
Crito. On Prudence and Prosperity. In Taylor, Life of Pythagoras, 177-79; in this volume, 251-52.
Delatte, A. La Vie de Pythagore de Diogene Laerce: edition critique avec introduction et commentaire. Brussels, Lamertin, 1922.
Demophilus. "The Pythagoric Sentences of Demophilus," in Sallust on the Gods and the World. Trans. by Thomas Taylor. (1793) Los Angeles, Philosophical Research Society, 1976.
Diehl, E., and Young, David, eds. Theognis, ps. -Pythagoras, ps. -Phocylides. Leipzig, Teubner, 1961.
Diels, H. and Kranz, W. Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker. 6th ed., 3 vols. Berlin, Weidmann, 1951-2. (Greek texts, translated in Freeman, Ancilia to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers, Harvard University Press, 1983.)
Diogenes Laertius. Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. 2 vols. Trans. by R.D. Hicks. Harvard University Press, 1925.
Diogenes Laertius. Life of Pythagoras. In this volume, 141-56.
Diotogenes. Concerning a Kingdom. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 18-26; in this volume, 222-24.
Diotogenes. On Sanctity. In Taylor, Political Fragments. 10-11, 37-38; in this volume, 221.
Ecphantus the Crotonian. On a Kingdom. In Taylor, Political Fragments. 27-37; in this volume, 257-59.
Euryphamus. Concerning Human Life. In Taylor, Life of Pythagoras, 148-50; in this volume, 245-46.
Fabre d'Olivet, Antoine. Les Vers Dores de Pythagore. (1813) Paris, L'Age d'Homme, n.d.
Fabre d'Olivet, Antoine. The Golden Verses of Pythagoras. Trans. by N.L. Redfield. (1917) New York, Weiser, 1975.
Fairbanks, Arthur. The First Philosophers of Greece: An Edition and Translation of the Remaining Fragments of the Pre-Sokratic Philosophers. Together with a Translation of the More Important Accounts of Their Opinions Contained in the Early Epitomes of Their Works. New York, Charles Scribners, 1898.
Freeman, Kathleen. Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers. (1948) Harvard University Press, 1983.
Hadas, Moses, and Smith, Morton. Heroes and Gods: Spiritual Biographies in Antiquity. New York, Harper & Row, 1965. (Contains a trans. of Porphyry's Life of Pythagoras.)
Hierocles. Ethical Fragments. In Taylor, Political Fragments. 71-115; in this volume, 275-86.
Hierocles. Commentary of Hierocles on the Golden Verses of Pythagoras. Translated by N. Rowe from the French version of Andre Dacier. (1907) London, Theosophical Publishing House, 1971.
Hipparchus. On Tranquility. In Taylor, Life of Pythagoras. 151-53; in this volume, 247-48.
Hippodamus the Thurian. On a Republic. In Taylor, Political Fragments. 1-10, 17; in this volume, 217-20.
Hippodamus the Thurian. On Felicity. In Taylor, Life of Pythagoras. 143-47; in this volume, 215-17.
Iamblichus. Iamblichi De vita Pythagorica liber; accedit epimetrum De Pythagorae Aureo carmine. St. Petersburg, 1884. (Greek text.)
Iamblichus. De Vita Pythagorica. Ed. by Deubner. Leipzig, Teubner, 1937. (Greek text.)
Iamblichus. De vita Pythagorica liber. Edited by August Nauck. (1884) Amsterdam, 1965.
Iamblichus. The Life of Pythagoras. Trans. by Thomas Taylor. (1818) London, I.M. Watkins, 1965; in this volume, 57-122.
Iamblichus. Exhortation to Philosophy. Trans. by Thomas M. Johnson. Grand Rapids. Phanes Press, 1988. (Part of Iamblichus' "Pythagorean Encyclopedia;" contains his commentary on the Pythagorean Maxims.)
Iamblichus. (Pseudo-Iamblichus) Theologumena Arithmeticae. Edited by V. de Falco. Leipzig, Teubner, 1922. (Greek text.)
Maddalena, A. I Pitagorici: raccolta delle testimonianze e dei frammenti pervenutici. Bari, 1954. (Italian trans. of texts in DK with essays and notes.)
Metopus. Concerning Virtue. In Taylor, life of Pythagoras, 164-66; in this volume, 249.
Ocellus Lucanus. On the Nature of the Universe. (1831) Trans. by Thomas Taylor. Los Angeles, Philosophical Research Society, 1976.
Ocellus Lucanus. On the Nature of the Universe. In this volume, 203-11.
Pempelus. On Parents. In Taylor, Political Fragments. 67-69; in this volume, 261.
Perictyone. On the Harmony of a Woman. In Taylor, Political Fragments. 57-65; in this volume, 239-41.
Philolaus. The Fragments of Philolaus. In Chaignet, Pythagore et la philosophie pythagoricienne. Paris, 1874, vol. 1, p. 226-54; in this volume, 167-75.
Philostratus. The life of Apollonius of Tyana. 2 vols. Trans. by F.C. Conybeare. Harvard University Press, 1912.
Phyntis. On Woman's Temperance. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 69-74; in this volume, 263-64.
Polus. On Justice. In Taylor, life of Pythagoras. 182; in this volume, 253.
Porphyrius. "Vita Pythagorae" in Porphyrii Opuscula Selecta, ed. A. Nauck, 2nd edn. (1886) Hildesheim, 0lms, 1963.
Porphyry. The Life of Pythagoras. In this volume, 123-35.
Sextus Pythagoreus. The Sentences of Sextus. Ed. and trans. by R. Edwards and R. Wild. Chico, Scholars Press, 1981.
Sextus. Select Sentences of Sextus the Pythagorean. In Taylor, Life of Pythagoras. 192-200; in this volume, 267-70.
Speusippus. Fragments from his work On Pythagorean Numbers in Thomas, Greek Mathematical Works, vol. I, Harvard University Press, 1939.
Sthenidas the Locrian. On a Kingdom. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 26-27, in this volume, 255.
Taylor, Thomas, trans. Political Fragments of Archytas. Charondas. Zaleucus and Pythagoreans. preserved by Stobaeus; and also Ethical Fragments of Hierocles, the celebrated Commentator on the Golden Pythagoric Verses. preserved by the same author. London, 1822.
Theages. On the Virtues. In Taylor, life of Pythagoras, 161-63, 168-73; in this volume, 225-28.
Thesleff, Holger. The Pythagorean Writings of the Hellenistic Period. Abo, Abo Akaderni, 1965. (A complete collection of the Hellenistic Pythagorean writings in the original Greek.)
Timaeus Locrus. De natura mundi et animae. Uberlieferung, Testimonia, Text und Ubersetzung von W. Marg. Editio maior. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1972.
Timaeus Locrus. Uber die Natur des Kosmos und der Seele. Konunentiert von M. Baltes. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1972.
Timaios of Locri. On the Nature of the World and the Soul. Trans. by T.H. Tobin. Chico, Scholars Press, 1985.
Timaeus of Locri. On the World and the Soul. In this volume, 287-96.
Zaleucus the Locrian. Preface to the Laws of Zaleucus the Locrian. In Taylor, Political Fragments, 46-50; in this volume, 229-30.
SECONDARY SOURCES
The writings in this section, while not actual Pythagorean writings, are all specific studies of Pythagoras, Pythagorean thought, or Pythagorean writings.
Balch, L. "The Neo-pythagorean Moralists and the New Testament," in H. Temporini and W. Haase (ed.), Aufstieg und Niedergang der roemischen Welt, Berlin, de Gruyter, 1983, Teil II, Band 26.
Bamford, Christopher. "Homage to Pythagoras," in Lindisfarne Letter 14.
Bindel, Ernst. Pythagoras. Stuttgart, Freies Geistesleben, 1962.
Bomer, F. Der Lateinische Neuplatonismus und Neupythagoreismus. Leipzig, Harrassowitz, 1936.
Boehm, F. De Symbolis Pythagoreis. Diss., Berlin, 1905.
Boyance, Pierre. "Note sur la Tetractys," L'Antiquite Classique 20 (1951), 421-5.
Boyance, Pierre. "Sur l'Abaris d'Heraclide le Pontique," Revue des etudes anciennes 36 (1934) 321-52.
Boyance, Pierre. "Sur la vie pythagoricienne," Revue des etudes grecques 52 (1939), 36-50.
Burkert, Walter. "Hellenistiche Pseudopythagorica," Philologus 105 (1961), 16-43, 226-246.
Burkert, W. Lore and Science in Ancient Pythagoreanism. Harvard University Press, 1972.
Burnet, John. "Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism," in Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, New York, 1919, vol. X, 520-530.
Bywater, J. "On the Fragments Attributed to Philolaus the Pythagorean," Journal of Philology 1 (1868), 20-53.
Cameron, Alister. The Pythagorean Background of the Theory of Recollection. Menasha, WI, George Banta, 1938.
Carcopino, Jerome. La basilique pythagoricienne de la Pone Majeure. Paris, L'artisan du livre, 1927.
Carcopino, Jerome. Aspects Mystiques de la Rome Paienne. Paris, L'Artisan du Livre, 1941.
Carcopino, Jerome. De Pythagore aux Apotres. Paris, Flammarion, 1956.
Casa, Adriana della. Nigidio Figulo. Rome, Ateneo, 1962.
Chaignet, A.E. Pythagore et la philosophie pythagoricienne. 2 vols. Paris, Librairie Academique, 1874.
Cornford, F.M. "The Earliest Pythagorean Cosmology," in his Plato and Parmenides. London, Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1939.
Cornford, F.M. "The Invention of Space," in Essays in Honor of Gilbert Murray. London, Allen and Unwin, 1936.
Cornford, Francis M. "Mysticism and Science in the Pythagorean Tradition," Classical Quarterly 16 (1922), 137-150; 17 (1923), 1-12.
Dacier, Andre. The life of Pythagoras. (Trans. from French, London, 1707.) York Beach, Samuel Weiser, 1981.
Delatte, Armand. Etudes sur la litterature pythagoricienne. Paris, Champion, 1915.
Delatte, Armand. Essai sur la politique pythagoricienne. Paris, Champion, 1922.
Dillon, John. The Middle Platonists. Cornell University Press, 1977. (Contains a good account of the Neopythagoreans.)
Eliade, Mircea. "Orpheus, Pythagoras, and the New Eschatology," chapter 22 in A History of Religious Ideas, vol. 2, University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Festugiere, A. "Les memoires pythagoriques cites par Alexandre Polyhistor," Revue des etudes grecques 58 (1945), 1-65.
Frank, Erich. Plato und die sogenannten Pythagoreer. Halle, 1923.
Freeman, Kathleen. Companion to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers: A Companion to Diels' Fragmente Der Vorsokratiker. Oxford University Press, 1946.
Fritz, Kurt von. "Pythagoras of Samos," in The Dictionary of Scientific Biography, New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1975, vol. 9, 214-25.
Fritz, Kurt von. Pythagorean Politics in Southern Italy: An Analysis of the Sources. (1940) New York, Octagon Books, 1977.
Fritz, K. von, Dorrie, H., and van der Waerden, B.L. "Pythagoras" and "Pythagoreer" in Pauly-Wissowa Realencyclopadie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, vol. 27 (1963), and suppl. vol. 10 (1965).
Godwin, Joscelyn. "Pythagoreans, Today?", in Lindisfarne Letter 14.
Goettling, C.W. "Die Symbole des Pythagoras," Gesammelte Abhandlungen, vol. 1, Halle, 1851.
Goodenough, E.R. "A Nee-Pythagorean Source in Philo Judaeus." Yale Classical Studies
3 (1932), 117-64.
Gorman, Peter. Pythagoras, a life. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979.
Guthrie, W.K.C. A History of Greek Philosophy. Vol. 1: The Earlier Presocratics and The Pythagoreans. Cambridge University Press, 1971.
Haase, Rudolf. "Literatur zur Geschichte des harmonikalen Pythagoreismus" [558 entries] in Aufsatze zur harmonikalen Naturphilosophie, Graz, Akademische Druck-und Verlagsanstalt, 1974.
Heidel, W.A. "Peras and Apeiron in the Pythagorean Philosophy," Archiv fur Geschichte der Philosophie 14 (1901), 384-399.
Heidel, W.A. "Notes on Philolaus," American Journal of Philosophy 28 (1907), 77-81.
Jager, Hans. Die Quellen des Porphyrios in seiner Pythagoras-Biographie. Diss., Zurich, Chur, 1919.
Kahn, Charles. "Pythagorean Philosophy before Plato," in Morelatos, The Pre-Socratics: A Collection of Essays, Garden City, Anchor Press, 1974, 161-85.
Kucharski, Paul. "Les principes des pythagoriciens et la dyade de Platon," Archives de Philosophie 22 (1959), 385-431.
Kucharski, Paul. "Aux frontieres du P1atonisme et du Pythagorisme," Archives de Philosophie 19.1 (1955-56), 7-43.
Levy, Isidore. La legend de Pythagore de Grece en Palestine. Paris, Champion, 1927.
Levy, Isidore. Recherches sur les sources de la legend de Pythagoras. Paris, Leroux, 1926.
Lindisfarne Letter 14, "Homage to Pythagoras." West Stockbridge, MA, Lindisfarne Press, 1982.
Long, H.S. A Study of the Doctrine of Metempsychosis in Greece from Pythagoras to Plato. Diss., Princeton, 1948.
Mallinger, Jean. Pythagore et les mysteres. Paris, Nic1aus, 1944.
Minar, Edwin L., Jr. "Pythagorean Communism," Transactions of the American Philological Association 75 (1944), 34-46.
Minar, E.L. Early Pythagorean Politics in Practice and Theory. Baltimore, Waverly Press, 1942.
Morrison, J.S. "Pythagoras of Samos," Classical Quarterly 50 (1956), 135-156.
Morrison, J.S. "The Origins of Plato's Philosopher-Statesman," Classical Quarterly 52 (1958), 198-218.
Oppermann, Hans. "Eine Pythagoraslegend," Bonner Jahrbucher 130 (1925), 284-301.
Philip, J.A. "Aristotle's Monograph On the Pythagoreans," Transactions of the American Philological Association 94 (1963), 185-198.
Raine, Kathleen. "Blake, Yeats and Pythagoras," in Lindisfarne Letter 14.
Raven, J.E. Pythagoreans and Eleatics. Cambridge University Press, 1948.
Richardson, Hilda. "The Myth of Er (Plato, Republic, 616B)," Classical Quarterly 20 (1926), 113-34.
Ridgeway, William. "What Led Pythagoras to the Doctrine that the World was Built of Numbers?" Classical Review 10 (March 1896), 92-95.
Rivaud, A. "Platon et la politique pythagoricienne," Melanges Gustave Glotz, vol. 2. Paris, Presses Universitairs de France, 1932.
Rohde, Erwin. "Die Quellen des Iamblichus in seiner Biographie des Pythagoras," Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie 26 (1871), 554-6; 27 (1872), 23-61.
Rosenthal, F. "Some Pythagorean Documents Transmitted in Arabic," Orientalia 10 (1941), 104-15; 383-95.
Rougier, Louis. L' Origine astronomique de la croyance pythagoricienne en l'immortalite celeste des ames. Cairo, Institut francais d'Archeologie orientale, 1933.
Rougier, L. La Religion astrale des Pythagoriciens. Paris, Presses Universitairs de France, 1959.
Rutherford, Ward. Pythagoras: Lover of Wisdom. Aquarian Press, Wellingborough, 1984.
Santillana, G. de and Pitts, W. "Philolaus in Limbo: or, "What happened to the Pythagoreans?", Isis (42) 1951, 112-20.
Seltman, C.T. "The Problem of the First Italiote Coins," Numismatic Chronicle, 6th series, 9 (1949), 1-21.
Stanley, Thomas. "Pythagoras," from his History of Philosophy. (1687) Los Angeles, Philosophical Research Society, 1970.
Stapelton, H.E. "Ancient and Modern Aspects of Pythagoreanism, " Osiris 13 (1958), 12-53.
Stocks, J.L. "Plato and the Tripartite Soul," Mind, n.s., 24 (1915), 207-21.
Swanson, R. A. "Ovid's Pythagorean Essay," Classical Journal 54 (1958), 21-24.
Taran, L. Asclepius of Tralles: Commentary to Nicomachus' Introduction to Arithmetic. (Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, n.s., 59, 4.) Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society, 1969.
Taylor, A.E. "Two Pythagorean Philosophemes," Classical Review 40 (1926), 149-51.
Thesleff, Holger. An Introduction to the Pythagorean Writings of the Hellenistic Period. Abo, Abo Akademi, 1961.
Vogel, Cornelia 1. de. Pythagoras and Early Pythagoreanism: An Interpretation of Neglected Evidence on the Philosopher Pythagoras. Assen, Van Gorcum, 1966.
Waerden, B.L. van der. "Die Harmonielehre der Pythagoreer," Hermes 78 (1968), 163-199.
Watters, Hallie. The Pythagorean Way of Life with a Discussion of the Golden Verses. (Masters thesis.) Adyar, Theosophical Publishing House, 1926.
Wellmann, Max. "Eine pythagoreische Urkunde des IV. Jahrhunderts vor Christus," Hermes (1919), 225-48.
White, M. "The Duration of the Samian Tyranny," Journal of Hellenic Studies 74 (1954), 36-43.
Whittaker, John. "Epekeina nou kai ousias, " Vigilate Christianae 23 (1969), 91-104. (On Moderatus.)
Whittaker, John. "Neopythagoreanism and Negative Theology." Symbolae Osloenses 44 (1969), 109-25.
Whittaker, John. "Neopythagoreanism and the Transcendent Absolute," Symbolae Osloenses 48 (1973), 77-86.
Zeller, Eduard. A History of Greek Philosophy: From the Earliest Period to the Time of Socrates. Trans. by S.F. Alleyne. Vol. I: Pre-Socratic Philosophy. London, 1881.
GREEK PHILOSOPHY
These works on early classical philosophy and Greek religion discuss Pythagorean thought.
Armstrong, A.H., ed. Cambridge History of Later Greek and Early Medieval Philosophy. Cambridge University Press, 1967.
Aujoulat, Noel. Le Neo-Platonisme Alexandrin: Hierocles d 'Alexandrie. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1987.
Baldry, H.C. "Embryological Analogies in Presocratic Cosmogony." Classical Quarterly 26 (1932), 27-34.
Booth, N.B. "Were Zeno's Arguments Directed Against the Pythagoreans?" Phronesis 2 (1957), 90-103.
Brommer, P. "De numeris idealibus," Mnemosyne 3.11 (1943), 263-295.
Brumbaugh, Robert S. Plato's Mathematical Imagination: The Mathematical Passages in the Dialogues and Their Interpretation. Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 1954.
Burnet, J. Early Greek Philosophy: Part I. Thales to Plato. London, Macmillan, 1914.
Burnet, John. Early Greek Philosophy. 4th ed. London, Macmillan 1930.
Capek, M. "The Theory of Eternal Recurrence," Journal of Philosophy (57) 1960, 289-96.
Copleston, S.J. A History of Philosophy: Greece and Rome. New York, Doubleday, 1962.
Cornford, F.M. "Mystery Religions and Pre-Socratic Philosophy," in The Cambridge Ancient History, Cambridge University Press, 1926, vol. 4, 522-78.
Cornford, F.M. Principium Sapientiae: The Origins of Greek Philosophical Thought. Cambridge University Press, 1952.
Cornford, F.M. Plato's Cosmology. London, Routledge, 1937.
Cornford, F.M. The Laws of Motion in Ancient Thought. Cambridge University Press, 1931.
Cornford, F.M. From Religion to Philosophy. London, Arnold, 1912
Critchlow, Keith. "The Platonic Tradition on the Nature of Proportion," in Lindisfarne Letter 10.
Gomperz, Theodor. Greek Thinkers. London, Murray, 1912.
Guthrie, W.K.C. "The Presocratic World-Picture," Harvard Theological Review, 45 (1952), 87-104.
Kirk, G.S., and Raven, J.E. The Presocratic Philosophers: A Critical History with a Selection of Texts. Cambridge University Press, 1957.
Merlan, Philip. From Platonism to Neoplatonism. The Hague, Nijhoff, 1960.
Onians, R.B. The Origins of European Thought about the Body, the Mind. the Soul. the World. Time and Fate. Cambridge University Press, 1951.
Porphyry. On Abstinence from Animal Food. Edited by E. Wynne-Tyson. London, Barnes & Noble, 1965.
Robinson, John. An Introduction to Early Greek Philosophy. New York, Houghton Mifflin, 1968.
Rohde, Erwin. Psyche: The Cult of Souls and Belief in Immortality Among the Greeks. London, Routledge, 1925.
Taran, L. Speusippus of Athens: A Critical Study with a Collection of the Related Texts and Commentary. Leiden, E.J. Brill, 1982.
Taylor, A.E. A Commentary on Plato's Timaeus. Oxford University Press, 1928.
Zeller, Eduard. Outlines of the History of Greek Philosophy. New York, Dover, 1980.
MATHEMATICS
These works contain information on the mathematical discoveries of the Pythagoreans. Also included are works dealing with Pythagorean arithmology and geometry.
Adam, James. The Nuptial Number of Plato. (1891) London, Kairos, 1985.
Allendy, Rene. Le Symbolisme des nombres. Paris, Charcornac, 1921.
Anatolius. (Edited by Heiberg.) Anatolius sur les db: premiers nombres. (On the Numbers Up to Ten.) Macon, Protat Freres, 1900. (Greek text.)
Butler, Christopher. Number Symbolism. New York, Barnes & Noble, 1970.
Fritz, Kurt von. "The Discovery of Incommensurability by Hippasos of Metapontum," Annals of Mathematics 46 (1945), 242-264.
Gardner, Martin. "Simple Proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem," Scientific American 211.4 (Oct. 1964), 118-125.
Guenon, Rene. "La Tetraktys et le carre de quatre," Etudes Traditionnelles 42 (May 1937).
Guenon, Rene. Symboles fondamentaux de la Science sacree. Paris, Gallimard, 1962 (includes the above article).
Heath, Thomas. A History of Greek Mathematics. 2 vols. Oxford University Press, 1921.
Heath, T. L. The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. 3 vols. Cambridge University Press, 1926.
Heidel, W.A. "The Pythagoreans and Greek Mathematics," American Journal of Philology 61 (1940), 1-33.
Hippocrates. De Hebdomad. Classical Quarterly 65 (1971), 365-88.
Hopper, V.F. Medieval Number Symbolism: Its Sources, Meaning and Influence on Thought and Symbolism. New York, Columbia University Press, 1938.
Junge, Gustave. "Die pythagoreische Zahlenlehre," Deutsche Mathematik 5 (1940), 341-57.
Junge, Gustave. "Von Hippasos bis Philolaus: das Irrationale und die geometrischen Grundbegriffe," Classica et Medievalia 19 (1958), 41-72.
Kleinhammes, Otto. Die Quadratur des Kreises aus dem Geiste der Musik. Wanger im Allgau, J. Kleinhammes, 1949.
Kozminsky, Isidore. Numbers, Their Meaning and Magic. New York, Putnam's Sons, 1927.
Kucharski, Paul. Etude sur la doctrine pythagoricienne de la tetrad. Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 1952.
Michel, P. De Pythagore a Euclide. Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 1950.
Neugebauer. O. The Exact Sciences in Antiquity. Princeton University Press, 1952.
Nicomachus of Gerasa. Introduction to Arithmetic. Trans. by Martin Luther D'Ooge. New York, MacMillan, 1926.
Oliver, G. The Pythagorean Triangle. (1875) San Diego, Wizards Bookshelf, 1975.
Pacioli, Luca. Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni & proportionalita. Venice, 1494.
Pacioli, Luca. De divina proportione. Milan, 1956; and Paris, Librairie du Compagnonnage, 1984.
Robbins, Frank E. "The Tradition of Greek Arithmology," Classical Philology 16 (1921), 97-123.
Saint-Martin, Louis-Claude de. Les Nombres. Paris, Documents martinistes, 1983.
Schnitzler, Gunter, ed. Musik und Zahl: Interdiziplinare Beitrage zum Grenzbereich zwischen Musik und Mathematik. Bonn, Verlag fur systematische Musikwissenschaft, 1976.
Speusippus. Fragments from his work "On Pythagorean Numbers" in Thomas, Greek Mathematical Works, vol. 1, Harvard University Press, 1939.
Taylor, Thomas. The Theoretic Arithmetic of the Pythagoreans. (1816) New York, Samuel Weiser, 1978.
Theon of Smyrna. Mathematics Useful for Understanding Plato. Trans. by R. & D. Lawlor. San Diego, Wizards Bookshelf, 1979.
Thomas, Ivor. Greek Mathematical Works. Vol. I: From Thales to Euclid. Harvard University Press, 1951.
Waerden, B.L. van der. "Die Arithmetik der Pythagoreer," Mathematische Annalen, 1 (1948), 127-53; 2 (1948), 676-700.
Waerden, B.L. van der. Science Awakening: Egyptian, Babylonian and Greek Mathematics. New York, Science Editions, 1961.
Waerden, B.L. van der. Geometry and Algebra in Ancient Civilizations. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1983.
Wasserstein, A. "Theatetus and the Theory of Numbers," Classical Quarterly 52 (1958), 165-79.
Wedberg, A. Plato's Philosophy of Mathematics. Stockholm, Almquist and Wiksell, 1955.
Weiss, C.H. Betrachtung des Dimensionsverhaltnisse in den Hauptkorpem des spharoidischen Systems und ihren Gegenkorpen, im Vergleich mitden harmonischen Verhaltnissen der Tone. Berlin, 1820.
Wescott, Wynn. Numbers: Their Occult Power and Mystic Virtues. (1902) London, Theosophical Publishing House, 1974.
MUSIC
These writings deal with Pythagorean musical and harmonic theory.
Abert, Hermann. Die Musikanschauung des Mittelalters und ihre Grundlagen. Halle, 1905, reprinted Tutzing, Schneider, 1964.
Amy-Sage, Fidele. La Musique et l'esprit. Paris, Voile d'Isis, 1920.
Aristeides Quintilianus. On Music Trans. by T. Mathiesen. Yale University Press, 1983.
Bailly, Edmond. Le Chant des Voyelles comme Invocation aux Dieux Planetaires. (1911) Nice, Belisae, 1976.
Barbour, J. Murray. "The Persistence of the Pythagorean Tuning System," Scripta Mathematica 1 (1932-33), 286-304.
Becker, Oskar. "Fruhgriechische Mathematik und Musiklehre," Archiv fur Musikwissenschaft 14 (1957), 156-164.
Boethius. The Principles of Music. Trans. by Calvin M. Bower. Diss., George Peabody College for Teachers, 1966.
Bonnaire, M.U. De l'influence de la musique sur les moeurs. Vienne, 1856.
Bower, Calvin. "Boethius and Nicomachus, an Essay Concerning the Sources of De Institutione Musica," Vivarium 16 (1978), 1-45.
Cazden, Norman. "Pythagoras and Aristoxenus Reconciled," Journal of the American Musicological Society 11.2-3 (1958), 97-105.
Chailley, Jacques. Nombres et symboles dans le langage de la musique. Paris, Academie
des Beaux-Arts, 1982.
Chamberlain, David S. "Philosophy of Music in the Consolatio of Boethius," Speculum 45 (1970), 80-97.
Cornford, F.M. "The Harmony of the Spheres" in his The Unwritten Philosophy and Other Essays. Cambridge University Press, 1950.
Coste, Charles. L'Influence de la musique. Poligny, 1863.
Crocker, Richard L. "Pythagorean Mathematics and Music," Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 22.2 (1963), 189-98; 22.3 (1964), 325-36.
Dalberg, J.F.H. von. Untersuchungen uber die Ursprung der Harmonie. Erfurt, 1800.
De Vismes du Valgay, A.-P.-J. Pasilogie. Paris, 1806.
Denereaz, Alexandre. Cours d'harmonie. Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1906.
During, I. Ptolemaios und Porphyrios uber die Musik. Goteborg, 1934. (Goteborgs Hogskolas Arsskrift 40)
Fabre d'Olivet, Antoine. La Musique expliquee comme Science et comme Art. (1842-50) Paris, Dorbon Aine, 1928.
Gandillot, Maurice. Essai sur la Gamme. Paris, Cavel, 1937.
Godwin, Joscelyn. Cosmic Music: Three Musical Keys to the Interpretation of Reality. West Stockbridge, Mass., Lindisfarne Press, 1987.
Godwin, Joscelyn. Music, Mysticism and Magic: A Sourcebook. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1986.
Godwin, Joscelyn. Harmonies of Heaven and Earth. London, Thames & Hudson, 1987.
Godwin, Joscelyn. "The Golden Chain of Orpheus: A Survey of Musical Esotericism in the West," Temenos 4 (1985), 7-25; 5 (1985), 211-39.
Henderson, Isobel. "Ancient Greek Music," New Oxford History of Music, Oxford University Press, 1957, 336-403.
Henry, Charles. "Conception psycho-physique de la Gamme," Bull. de l'Inst. Gen. Psychologique 21.1-3 (1921).
Ikhwan al-Safa. Epistle on Music. Trans. by A. Shiloah. Tel-Aviv University, Department of Musicology, 1978.
Junge, G. "Die Spharenharmonie und die pythagorisch-platonische Zahlenlehre," Classica et Medievalia 8 (1947), 183-94.
La Borde, J.B. de. Memoire sur les Proportions Musicales, le genre enharmonique des grecs, et celui des modernes. Paris, 1781.
Le Voile d'Isis, special number on "La Musique dans ses rapports avec l'Esoterisme," Apr. 1928.
Levarie, Siegmund and Levy, Ernst. Musical Morphology. Kent State University Press, 1983. Levarie, Siegmund, and Levy, Ernst. Tone: A Study in Musical Acoustics. Kent State University Press, 1968.
Levin, Flora R. The Harmonics of Nicomachus and the Pythagorean Tradition. (American Classical Studies, No. 1.) New York, Interbook, 1975.
Liebard, Louis. Anachronie Musicale, ou la pyramide inversee. Besancon, Resonances, 1979.
Lohmann, Johannes. "Die griechische Musik als mathematische Form," Archiv fur Musikwissenschaft 14 (1957), 147-155.
Lucas, Louis. Une Revolution dans la Musique: essai d'application, a la musique, d'une theorie philosophique. Paris, 1849.
McClain, Ernest G. "Plato's Musical Cosmology," Main Currents in Modern Thought 30.1 (1973), 34-42.
McClain, Ernest G. "Musical Marriages in Plato's Republic," Journal of Music Theory 18.2 (1974), 242-72.
McClain, Ernest G. "A New Look at Plato's Timaeus," Music and Man 1.4 (1975),
341-60.
McClain, Ernest G. The Myth of Invariance. New York, Nicolas-Hays, 1976.
McClain, Ernest G. The Pythagorean Plato: Prelude to the Song Itself. York Beach, Nicolas-Hays, 1984.
Meyer-Baer, Kathi. Music of the Spheres and the Dance of Death. Princeton University Press, 1970.
Millet, Yves. "La primaute de la gamme dite de Pythagore: son symbolisme cosmique," Etudes Traditionnelles 59 (1958), 37-44, 138-161.
Montargis, Frederic. De Platone Musico. (1886) Utrecht, Joamchimsthal, 1976.
Mountford, J.F. "The Musical Scales of Plato's Republic," Classical Quarterly 17 (1923), 125-136.
Paul, Maela and Muxelhaus, Patrick. Le Chant Sacre des Energies. Paris, Presence, 1983.
Pfrogner, Hermann. Lebendige Tonwelt: zur Phanomen Musik. Munich, Langen Muller, 1976.
Portnoy, Julius. Music in the Life of Man. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1963.
Provost, Prudent. La Musique renovee selon la synthese acoustique. Paris, Societe francaise d'editions litteraires et techniques, 1931.
Reinach, Theodore. "La Musique des Spheres," Revue de Etudes grecques 13 (1900), 432-49.
Rice, Isaac. What is Music? New York, 1875.
Roussier, P.J. Memoire sur la Musique des Anciens. (1770) New York, Broude. 1966.
Rudhyar, Dane. The Magic of Tone and the Art of Music. Boulder, Shambhala, 1982.
Scott, Cyril. Music: Its Secret Influence throughout the Ages. (1933) New York, Weiser, 1969.
Thamar, Jean. "Notion de la Musique Traditionnelle," Etudes Traditionnelles 48 (1947), 281-293, 336-349; 49 (1948), 58-67, 106-112, 240-253, 301-308, 348-356; 50 (1949), 216-227, 303-318.
Troupenas, E. "Essai sur la Theorie de la Musique deduite du principe metaphysique," Revue musicale 17 (1832), 129-31.
Vassiliadou, Maria. "Le pythagorisme et la musique," in Musique et Philosophie, Colloque de Dijon, 1983, 15-26.
Villoteau, G.A. Memoire sur la possibilite et l'utilite d'une theorie exacte des principes
narurels de la Musique. Paris, 1807.
Waerden. B.L. van der. "Die Harmonielehre der Pythagoreer," Hermes 78 (1943), 163-199.
Walker, D.P. "Kepler's Celestial Music," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 30 (1967), 228-50.
ASTRONOMY
These writings deal with Pythagorean astronomy and cosmology.
Azbel (= Emile Chizat). Harmonie des mondes: Loi des distances et des harmonies planetaires. Paris, Hugues-Roben, 1903.
Burch, G.B. "The Counter-Earth," Osiris (1954), 267-94.
Dicks, D.R. Early Greek Astronomy to Aristotle. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1970.
Dreyer, John Louis Emil. History of the Planetary Systems from Thales to Kepler. Cambridge University Press, 1906.
Guenon, Rene. "Le symbolisme du Zodiaque chez les pythagoriciens," Etudes Traditionnelles 43 (June 1938).
Guenon, Rene. Symboles fondamentaux de la Science sacree. Paris, Gallimard, 1962 (includes the above article).
Heath, Thomas L. Greek Astronomy. New York, AMS Press, 1969.
Waerden, B.L. van der. Die Astronomie der Pythagoreer. Amsterdam, Royal Academy, 1951.
MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE
These studies deal primarily with Pythagorean thought in the Medieval and Renaissance periods.
Africa, Thomas W. "Copernicus' Relation to Aristarchus and Pythagoras," Isis 52 (1961), 403-409.
Amman, P.J. "The Musical Theory and Philosophy of Roben Fludd," Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 30 (1967), 198-227.
Boethius. De arithmetica. Edited with commentary by Girardus Rufus. Paris, 1521.
Boethius. De musica. Oscar Paul, ed. Leipzig, 1872.
Bongo, Pietro. Myticae numerorum significationis liber. Bergamo, 1585. Expanded ed., Basel, 1618, entitled De Numerorum Mysteria.
Clulee, Nicholas. The Glass of Creation: Renaissance Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. Diss., University of Chicago, 1973.
Debus, Allen G. "Mathematics and Nature in the Chemical Texts of the Renaissance," Ambix 15 (1968), 1-28.
Fludd, Robert. Utriusque cosmi historia scilicet et minoris metaphysica, physica atque technica historia. Oppenheim, 1621.
Giorgio, Francesco. De harmonia mundi. Venice, 1525.
Godwin, Joscelyn. Roben Fludd: Hermetic Philosopher and Surveyor of Two Worlds. London, Thames & Hudson, 1979.
Hart, Thomas Elwood. "Calculated Casualties in Beowulf: Geometrical Scaffolding and Verbal Symbol," Studia neophilologica 53 (1981), 3-35.
Hart, Thomas Elwood. "Twelfth-Century Platonism and the Geometry of Textual Space in Hartman's Iwein: A 'Pythagorean' Theory," Res publica litterarum 2 (1979), 81-107.
Heninger, S.K., Jr. "Some Renaissance Versions of the Pythagorean Tetrad," Studies in the Renaissance 8 (1961), 7-35.
Heninger, S.K., Jr. "Pythagorean Cosmology and the Triumph of Heliocentrism," in Le soleil a la renaissance. Presses universitaires de Bruxelles, 1965, 33-53.
Heninger, S.K., Jr. Touches of Sweet Harmony: Pythagorean Cosmology and Renaissance Poetics. San Marino, CA, Huntington Library, 1974.
Heninger, S.K., Jr. The Cosmographical Glass: Renaissance Diagrams oft he Universe. San Marino, CA, Huntington Library, 1977.
Hopper, V.F. Medieval Number Symbolism: Its Sources, Meaning and Influence on Thought and Symbolism. New York, Columbia University Press, 1938.
Ingpen, William. The Secrets of Numbers. London, 1624.
Kayser, Hans. Ein harmonikaler Teilungskanon. Zurich, Occident, 1946.
Kepler, Johannes. Mysterium cosmographicum. Tubingen, 1596.
Kepler, Johannes. Harmonice mundi. Linz, 1619.
Kircher, Athanasius. Musurgia universalis sive ars magna consoni et dissoni in x libros digesta. Rome, 1650.
Kircher, Athanasisus. Arithmologia: sive de abditis numerorum mysteriis. Rome, 1665.
Koyre, A. Metaphysics and Measurement: Essays in the Scientific Revolution. Harvard University Press, 1968.
Macrobius. Commentary on the Dream of Scipio. Trans. and ed. W. H. Slahl. New York, Columbia University Press, 1952.
Martianus Capella. De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurrii. Ed., A. Dick. Leipzig, 1925.
Munxelhaus, Barbara. Pythagoras Musicus: zur Rezeption der pythagorischen Musiktheorie als quadrivialer Wissenschaft im Lateinischen Mittelalter. Bonn, Verlag fur systematische Musikwissenschaft, 1976.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines. (Rev. ed.) Boulder, Shambhala, 1978.
Patrides, C.A. "The Numerological Approach to Cosmic Order During the English Renaissance," Isis 49 (1958), 391-397.
Reuchlin, Johann. On the Art of the Kabbalah. (1516) Trans. by Martin & Sarah Goodman. New York, Abaris Books, 1983.
Rosen, Edward. "Was Copernicus a Pythagorean?" Isis 53 (1962), 504-509.
Walker, D.P. Studies in Musical Science in the Late Renaissance. London, Warburg Institute, 1978.
Yates, Francis A. The Occult Philosophy in the Elizabethan Age. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979.
SACRED GEOMETRY
The writings in this section are concerned with Pythagorean and Platonic geometry in a theoretic and practical sense. Also included are works dealing with the application of "Pythagorean" canons of proportion in sacred architecture.
Bond, F.B., and Lea, T.S. Gematria: A Preliminary Investigation of the Cabala. (1917) London, RILKO, 1977.
Bond, F.B., and Lea, T.S. The Apostolic Gnosis. London, RILKO, 1979. (On Greek gematria.)
Bouleau, Charles. The Painter's Secret Geometry. Trans. by J. Griffin. Paris, 1963.
Brunes, Tons. Secrets of Ancient Geometry. 2 vols. Copenhagen, Rhodos, 1967.
Caskey, L.D. Geometry of the Greek Vases. Boston, 1922.
Colman, Samuel. Nature's Harmonic Unity. (1912) New York, Blom, 1971.
Critchlow, Keith. "The Platonic Tradition on the Nature of Proportion," in Lindisfarne Letter 10.
Critchlow, Keith. Islamic Patterns: An Analytical and Cosmological Approach. New York, Schocken Books, 1976.
Critchlow, Keith. Order in Space: A Design Sourcebook. New York, Viking, 1965.
Critchlow, Keith. Time Stands Still: New Light on Megalithic Science. New York, St. Martins Press, 1982.
Doczi, Gyorgy. The Power of Limits: Proportional Harmonies in Nature, An and Architecture. Boulder, Shambhala, 1981.
Ghyka, Matila C. Le Nombre d'Or. 2 vols. Paris, Gallimard, 1931.
Ghyka, Matila C. The Geometry of An and Life. New York, Dover, 1977.
Gougy, Charles. L 'Harmonie des proportions et des formes dans l'architecture d 'apres les lois de l'harmonie des sons. Paris, Charles Massin, 1925.
Guenon, Rene. The Symbolism of the Cross. London, Luzac, 1975.
Hambridge, Jay. Dynamic Symmetry: The Greek Vase. 1920.
Hambridge, Jay. The Parthenon and other Greek Temples: Their Dynamic Symmetry. 1924.
Hambridge, Jay. The Elements of Dynamic Symmetry. Yale University Press, 1948.
Hudson, H.P., ed. Ruler and Compass. Longmans Green, 1915.
Huntley, H.E. The Divine Proportion: A Study in Mathematical Beauty. New York, Dover, 1970.
Iverson, E. Canon and Proportions in Egyptian Art. Warminster, Aris and Phillips, 1975.
Kielland, E.C. Geometry in Egyptian Art. London, Tiranti, 1955.
Lawlor, Robert. "Ancient Temple Architecture," in Lindisfarne Letter 10.
Lawlor, Robert. Sacred Geometry: Philosophy and Practice. London, Thames and Hudson,
1982.
Lesser, G. Gothic Cathedrals and Sacred Geometry. 3 vols. London, Tiranti, 1957.
Lindisfarne Letter No. 10, "Geometry and Architecture." West Stockbridge, MA, Lindisfarne Press, 1980.
Lund, F.M. Ad Quatratum: A Study of the Geometrical Basis of Classical and Mediaevel architecture. London, Batsford, 1921.
Macaulay, Anne. "Apollo: The Pythagorean Definition of God," in Lindisfarne Letter 14.
Michell, John. City of Revelation. London, Sphere, 1978. (On Greek gematria.)
Purce, Jill. The Mystic Spiral: Journey of the Soul. London, Thames & Hudson, 1974.
Saint-Yves d'Alveydre. L'Archeometre. (1912) Paris, Dorbon Aine, 1979.
Scholfield, P,H. The Theory of Proportion in Architecture. Cambridge, 1958.
Schwaller de Lubicz, R.A. The Temple in Man. Trans. by R. & D. Lawlor. Brookline, MA, Autumn Press, 1977.
Simson, Otto von. The Gothic Cathedral. New York, Pantheon, 1956.
Stirling, William. The Canon: An Exposition of the Pagan Mystery Perpetuated in the Cabala as the Rule of All the Am. (1897) London, RILKO, 1981 (On Greek gematria.)
Sunderland, Elizabeth R. "Symbolic Numbers and Romanesque Church Plans," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 18 (1959), 94-103.
Talemarianus, Petrus. De L'Architecture Naturelle. Paris, Vega, 1950.
Thompson, D.W. On Growth and Form. Cambridge University Press, 1917.
Williams, R. The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure. New York, Dover, 1979.
WHOLE SYSTEMS
Included here are works pertaining to the application of the Pythagorean approach. especially the principles of harmonics, to scientific, artistic or philosophical synthesis.
Amoux, George. Musique Platonicienne, Arne du Monde. Paris, Dervy, 1960.
Azbel (=Emil Chizat). Le Beau et sa Loi: Loi de l'Action et des Nombres, Loi de l'Harmonie, Loi de l'Intelligence. Paris, Hugues-Robert, 1899.
Bailly, Edmond. Le Son dans la Nature. Paris, L'Art Independant, 1900.
Bindel, Ernst. Die Zahlengrundlagen der Musik im Wandel der Zeiten. 2 vols. Stuttgart, Freies Geistesleben, 1950, 1951.
Blair, Lawrence. Rhythms of Vision. New York, Schocken, 1975.
Briseux, C.E. Traite du Beau essential dans les Arts. Paris, 1752.
Britt, Ernest. "La Synthese de la Musique," Annales du XXe Siecle, 2 (1914), reprinted Paris, Vega, 1938.
Britt, Ernest. Gamme Siderale et Gamme Musicale: Etude Paleosophique. Paris, Aux Ecoutes, 1924. Britt, Ernest. La Lyre d'Apollon. Paris, Vega, 1931.
Choisnard, Paul. La Chaine des Harmonies et la Spirale dans La Nature. (2nd augmented ed.) Paris, Ernest Leroux, 1926.
Denereaz, Alexandre. La Gamme, ce probleme cosmique. Zurich, Hug, 1939.
"Francisque," Le Secret de Pythagore devoile, ou le fond de La musique. Rochefort, 1869.
Franz, Marie-Louise von. Number and Time. London, Rider, 1974.
Fuller, Buckminster. Synergetics. New York, Macmillan, 1975.
Fuller, Buckminster and Applewhite, Edgar. Synergetics II. New York, Macmillan, 1979.
Griveau, Maurice. Programme d'une science idealiste. Paris, Revue Moderne d'Esthetique, 1896.
Griveau, Maurice. La sphere de la beaute Paris, Alcan, 1901.
Guyot, E. La Boussole de l'harmonie universelle, esthetique applicable aux arts des sons, de la couleur et de La forme. Albi, Corbiere et Julien, 1894.
Hill, Clarence. Harmonia Harmonica. 3 vols. Bournemouth, Author, 1920-1935.
Kayser, Hans. Akroasis: The Theory of World Harmonics. Trans. by R. Lilienfeld. Boston, Plowshare, 1970.
Kayser, Hans. Orphikon: eine harmonikale Symbolik. Basel, Schwabe, 1973.
Kayser, Hans. Lehrbuch der Harmonik. Zurich, Occident, 1950.
Labat, J.B. Les Nombres appliques a la Science Musicale. Bordeaux, 1861.
Lacuria, P.F.G. Les Harmonies de l'Etre exprimees par les Nombres. 2 vols. Paris, 1847.
Landsberg, G.F. "Essai Tentative d'adaptation des Lois Musicales a une clef des Lois Universelles," Voile d'Isis, 1914, 385-394.
Lange, Anny von. Mensch, Musik und Kosmos. 2 vols. Freiburg, Die Kommenden, 1960.
Lawlor, Robert. "Pythagorean Number as Form, Color and Light," in Lindisfarne Letter 14.
Levarie, Sigmund and Levy, Ernst. "The Pythagorean Table," Main Currents in Modern Thought 30.4 (1973), 117-29.
Levy, Ernst. "The Pythagorean Concept of Measure," Main Currents in Modern Thought 21.3, (1965), 51-57.
Malfatti de Montereggio, Johann. Anarchie und Hierarchie des Wissen. Leipzig, 1845.
Malfatti de Montereggio, Johann. Etudes sur la mathese (= French trans. of the above). Paris, A. Frank, 1849.
Neroman, Dom. La Lecon de Platon. Paris, Arma Artis, 1983.
Pouyaud, Robert. "Astrologie et Harmonie coloree," L'Atelier de la Rose, 1951, 36-40.
Schmidt, Thomas Michael. Musik und Kosmos als Schozpfungswunder. Frankfurt, Schmidt, 1974.
Spitzer, L. Classical and Christian Ideas of World Harmony. Johns Hopkins Press, 1963.
Swiecianowski, Jules. L'echelle musicale comme loi de l'harmonie dans l'universe et dans l'art. Warsaw, 1881.
Thimus, Albert von. Die harmonikale Symbolik des Alterthums. 2 vols. (1868, 1876) Hildesheim, Olms, 1972.
Wagner, Johann Jacob. Von der Natur der Dinge. Leipzig, 1803.
Zajonc, Arthur G. "The Two Lights," in Lindisfarne Letter 14.