Part 3 of 3
26. Hyman, Ray. (1989). The Elusive Quarry: A Scientific Appraisal of Psychical Research. Prometheus Books. p. 209. ISBN 0-87975-504-0 "In the case of Zöllner's investigations of Slade, not only do we know that Slade was exposed before and after his sessions with Zöllner, but also there is ample reason to raise questions about the adequacy of the investigation. Carrington (1907), Podmore (1963), and Mrs. Sidgwick (1886-87) are among a number of critics who have uncovered flaws and loopholes in Zöllner's sittings with Slade."
27. Beloff, John (1977). Handbook of parapsychology. Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 978-0-442-29576-9.
28. "Past Presidents". Society for Psychical Research. Archived from the original on 23 February 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
29. Thurschwell, Pamela. (2004). Literature, Technology and Magical Thinking, 1880–1920. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-521-80168-0
30. McCorristine, Shane. (2010). Spectres of the Self: Thinking about Ghosts and Ghost-Seeing in England, 1750-1920. Cambridge University Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-521-76798-9
31. Douglas, Alfred. (1982). Extra-Sensory Powers: A Century of Psychical Research. Overlook Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0879511609 "Phantasms of the Living was criticized by a number of scholars when it appeared, one ground for the attack being the lack of written testimony regarding the apparitions composed shortly after they had been seen. In many instances several years had elapsed between the occurrence and a report of it being made to the investigators from the SPR."
32. Williams, William F. (2000). Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience: From Alien Abductions to Zone Therapy. Routledge. p. 49. ISBN 1-57958-207-9
33. C. E. M. Hansel. The Search for a Demonstration of ESP. In Paul Kurtz. (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. pp. 97-127. ISBN 0-87975-300-5
34. Edmunds, Simeon. (1966). Spiritualism: A Critical Survey. Aquarian Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-0850300130 "The early history of spirit photography was reviewed by Mrs Henry Sidgwick in the Proceedings of the SPR in 1891. She showed clearly not only that Mumler, Hudson, Buguet and their ilk were fraudulent, but the way in which those who believed in them were deceived."
35. Moreman, Christopher M. (2010). Beyond the Threshold: Afterlife Beliefs and Experiences in World Religions. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. p. 163. ISBN 978-0-7425-6228-8 "SPR investigators quickly found that many mediums were indeed, as skeptics had alleged, operating under cover of darkness in order to perpetrate scams. They used a number of tricks facilitated by darkness: sleight of hand was used to manipulate objects and touch people eager to make contact with deceased loved ones; flour or white lines would give the illusion of spectral white hands or faces; accomplices were even stashed under tables or in secret rooms to lent support in the plot... As the investigations of the SPR, and other skeptics, were made public, many fraudulent mediums saw their careers ruined and many unsuspecting clients were enraged at the deception perpetrated."
36. Berger, Arthur S.; Berger, Joyce (1991). The Encyclopedia of Parapsychology and Psychical Research. Paragon House Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55778-043-0.
37. Larsen, Egon. (1966). The Deceivers: Lives of the Great Imposters. Roy Publishers. pp. 130-132
38. Berger, Arthur S. (1988). Lives and Letters in American Parapsychology: A Biographical History, 1850-1987. McFarland. pp. 75-107. ISBN 978-0899503455
39. Asprem, Egil (2014). The Problem of Disenchantment: Scientific Naturalism and Esoteric Discourse, 1900-1939. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers. pp. 355–360. ISBN 978-9004251922.
40. J. B. Rhine (1934). Extra-Sensory Perception. (4th ed.) Branden Publishing Company 1997. ISBN 0-8283-1464-0
41. Hazelgrove, Jenny (2000). Spiritualism and British Society Between the Wars. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-0719055591.
42. Russell, A. S.; Benn, John Andrews. "A New Discovery". Discovery: the Popular Journal of Knowledge. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 13: 305–306.
43. Samuel Soal. A Repetition of Dr. Rhine's work with Mrs. Eileen Garrett. Proc. S.P.R. Vol. XLII. pp. 84-85. Also quoted in Antony Flew. (1955). A New Approach To Psychical Research. Watts & Co. pp. 90-92.
44. Cox, W. S. (1936). "An experiment in ESP". Journal of Experimental Psychology. 19 (4): 437. doi:10.1037/h0054630.
45. Cited in C. E. M. Hansel The Search for a Demonstration of ESP in Paul Kurtz. (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. pp. 105-127. ISBN 0-87975-300-5
Adam, E. T. (1938). "A summary of some negative experiments". Journal of Parapsychology. 2: 232–236.
Crumbaugh, J. C. (1938). An experimental study of extra-sensory perception. Masters thesis. Southern Methodist University.
Heinlein, C. P; Heinlein, J. H. (1938). "Critique of the premises of statistical methodology of parapsychology". Journal of Parapsychology. 5: 135–148. doi:10.1080/00223980.1938.9917558.
Willoughby, R. R. (1938). Further card-guessing experiments. Journal of Psychology 18: 3-13.
46. Alcock, James. (1981). Parapsychology-Science Or Magic?: A Psychological Perspective. Pergamon Press. 136. ISBN 978-0080257730
47. Joseph Jastrow. (1938). ESP, House of Cards. The American Scholar 8: 13-22.
48. Harold Gulliksen. (1938). Extra-Sensory Perception: What Is It?. American Journal of Sociology. Vol. 43, No. 4. pp. 623-634. "Investigating Rhine's methods, we find that his mathematical methods are wrong and that the effect of this error would in some cases be negligible and in others very marked. We find that many of his experiments were set up in a manner which would tend to increase, instead of to diminish, the possibility of systematic clerical errors; and lastly, that the ESP cards can be read from the back."
49. Charles M. Wynn, Arthur W. Wiggins. (2001). Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends...and Pseudoscience Begins. Joseph Henry Press. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-309-07309-7 "In 1940, Rhine coauthored a book, Extrasensory Perception After Sixty Years in which he suggested that something more than mere guess work was involved in his experiments. He was right! It is now known that the experiments conducted in his laboratory contained serious methodological flaws. Tests often took place with minimal or no screening between the subject and the person administering the test. Subjects could see the backs of cards that were later discovered to be so cheaply printed that a faint outline of the symbol could be seen. Furthermore, in face-to-face tests, subjects could see card faces reflected in the tester’s eyeglasses or cornea. They were even able to (consciously or unconsciously) pick up clues from the tester’s facial expression and voice inflection. In addition, an observant subject could identify the cards by certain irregularities like warped edges, spots on the backs, or design imperfections."
50. Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 122. ISBN 1-57392-979-4 "The procedural errors in the Rhine experiments have been extremely damaging to his claims to have demonstrated the existence of ESP. Equally damaging has been the fact that the results have not replicated when the experiments have been conducted in other laboratories."
51. Jonathan C. Smith. (2009). Pseudoscience and Extraordinary Claims of the Paranormal: A Critical Thinker's Toolkit. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1405181228. "Today, researchers discount the first decade of Rhine's work with Zener cards. Stimulus leakage or cheating could account for all his findings. Slight indentations on the backs of cards revealed the symbols embossed on card faces. Subjects could see and hear the experimenter, and note subtle but revealing facial expressions or changes in breathing."
52. Milbourne Christopher. (1970). ESP, Seers & Psychics. Thomas Y. Crowell Co. pp. 24-28
53. Robert L. Park. (2000). Voodoo Science: The Road from Foolishness to Fraud. Oxford University Press. pp. 40-43. ISBN 0-19-860443-2
54. Rhine, J.B. (1966). Foreword. In Pratt, J.G., Rhine, J.B., Smith, B.M., Stuart, C.E., & Greenwood, J.A. (eds.). Extrasensory Perception After Sixty Years. 2nd ed. Boston, US: Humphries.
55. C. E. M. Hansel. (1980). ESP and Parapsychology: A Critical Re-Evaluation. Prometheus Books. pp. 125-140
56. Back from the Future: Parapsychology and the Bem Affair. Skeptical Inquirer. "Despite Rhine’s confidence that he had established the reality of extrasensory perception, he had not done so. Methodological problems with his experiments eventually came to light, and as a result parapsychologists no longer run card-guessing studies and rarely even refer to Rhine’s work."
57. John Sladek. (1974). The New Apocrypha: A Guide to Strange Sciences and Occult Beliefs. Panther. pp. 172-174
58. Peter Lamont. (2013). Extraordinary Beliefs: A Historical Approach to a Psychological Problem. Cambridge University Press. pp. 206-208. ISBN 978-1-107-01933-1
59. C. E. M. Hansel. (1989). The Search for Psychic Power: ESP and Parapsychology Revisited. Prometheus Books. p. 46. ISBN 0-87975-516-4
60. Bergen Evans. (1954). The Spoor of Spooks: And Other Nonsense. Knopf. p. 24
61. C. E. M. Hansel. (1989). The Search for Psychic Power: ESP and Parapsychology Revisited. Prometheus Books. pp. 56-58. ISBN 0-87975-516-4
62. C. E. M. Hansel. (1989). The Search for Psychic Power: ESP and Parapsychology Revisited. Prometheus Books. p. 53. ISBN 0-87975-516-4"First, the recording was not completely independent, since the flash of light in the experimenters' room could be varied in duration by the subject and thus provide a possible cue. Second, there were five different symbols in the target series, but the experimental record showed that two of these arose more frequently than the other three."
63. "The History of the Rhine Research Center". Rhine Research Center. Archived from the original on 2007-05-29. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
64. "History of the Parapsychological Association". The Parapsychological Association. Archived from the original on 2008-12-21. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
65. Melton, J. G. (1996). Parapsychological Association. In Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology. Thomson Gale. ISBN 978-0-8103-9487-2.
66. Wheeler, John Archibald (January 8, 1979). "Drive the Pseudos Out of the Workshop of Science". New York Review of Books (published May 17, 1980).
67. Wheeler, John Archibald (1998). Geons, Black Holes, and Quantum Foam: A Life in Physics. W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-04642-7.
68. Irwin, Harvey J. (2007). An Introduction to Parapsychology, Fourth Edition. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-1833-6. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
69. An Evaluation of Remote Viewing: Research and Applications by Mumford, Rose and Goslin "remote viewings have never provided an adequate basis for ‘actionable’ intelligence operations-that is, information sufficiently valuable or compelling so that action was taken as a result (...) a large amount of irrelevant, erroneous information is provided and little agreement is observed among viewers' reports. (...) remote viewers and project managers reported that remote viewing reports were changed to make them consistent with known background cues (...) Also, it raises some doubts about some well-publicized cases of dramatic hits, which, if taken at face value, could not easily be attributed to background cues. In at least some of these cases, there is a reason to suspect, based on both subsequent investigations and the viewers' statement that reports had been "changed" by previous program managers, that substantially more background information was available than one might at first assume."
70. Beloff, John (1993). Parapsychology: A Concise History. St Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-17376-0.
71. German, Erik (July 5, 2000). "Is Czech Mind Control Equipment Science-Fiction or Science-Fact?". The Prague Post. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
72. Beloff, John (1997-06-15). Parapsychology: A Concise History - John Beloff - Google Books. ISBN 9780312173760. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
73. (Odling-Smee 2007)
74. "The Division of Perceptual Studies — School of Medicine at the University of Virginia". Medicine.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
75. Harvey J. Irwin and Caroline Watt. An introduction to parapsychologyMcFarland, 2007, pp. 248-249.
76. "Koestler Parapsychology Unit". University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 2008-04-10.
77. "Parapsychology Research Group". Liverpool Hope University. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
78. "Studying Parapsychology". Liverpool Hope University. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
79. "The VERITAS Research Program". University of Arizona. Archived from the original on 2011-03-26. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
80. "Consciousness and Transpersonal Psychology". Research Unit of Liverpool John Moores University. 2007-09-17. Archived from the original on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
81. "Center for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes". University of Northampton. Archived from the original on 2013-11-16. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
82. "Anomalistic Psychology Research Unit". Goldsmiths, University of London. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
83. "Parapsychological Association". Nature. 181 (4613): 884. 1958. Bibcode:1958Natur.181Q.884.. doi:10.1038/181884a0. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
84. "Society for Psychical Research". spr.ac.uk. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
85. "American Society for Psychical Research". aspr.com. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
86. "Rhine Research Center and Institute for Parapsychology". Rhine.org. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
87. "Parapsychology Foundation". parapsychology.org. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
88. "Australian Institute of Parapsychological Research". aiprinc.org. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
89. Stevens, Paul. Baker, Ian (ed.). "European Journal of Parapsychology". Bournemouth University, BH12 5BB, UK: Poole House. ISSN 0168-7263. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
90. Leonard Zusne, Warren H. Jones (1989). Anomalistic Psychology: A Study of Magical Thinking. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN 0-8058-0508-7
91. "Parapsychological Association FAQ". Parapsychological Association. 1995. Archived from the original on 2007-06-26. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
92. Dean I. Radin (1997). The Conscious Universe: The Scientific Truth of Psychic Phenomena. HarperOne. ISBN 978-0-06-251502-5.
93. Hyman, Ray (1985). "The Ganzfeld Psi Experiments: A Critical Appraisal". Journal of Parapsychology. 49.
94. Storm, L.; Tressoldi, P. E.; Di Risio, L. (2010). "A meta-analysis with nothing to hide: Reply to Hyman (2010)". Psychological Bulletin. 136 (4): 491–494. doi:10.1037/a0019840. PMID 20565166.
95. Hyman, R (2010). "Meta-analysis that conceals more than it reveals: Comment on Storm et al" (PDF). Psychological Bulletin. 136 (4): 486–490. doi:10.1037/a0019676. PMID 20565165. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2013-11-03.
96. Julie Milton, Richard Wiseman. (2002). A Response to Storm and Ertel (2002). The Journal of Parapsychology. Volume 66: 183-186.
97. Ray Hyman. Evaluating Parapsychological Claims in Robert J. Sternberg, Henry L. Roediger, Diane F. Halpern. (2007). Critical Thinking in Psychology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 216-231. ISBN 978-0521608343
98. Richard Wiseman, Matthew Smith, Diana Kornbrot. (1996). Assessing possible sender-to-experimenter acoustic leakage in the PRL autoganzfeld. Journal of Parapsychology. Volume 60: 97-128.
99. "ganzfeld - The Skeptic's Dictionary". Skepdic.com. 2011-12-27. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
100. Lance Storm; Patrizio E. Tressoldi; Lorenzo Di Risio (July 2010). "Meta-Analysis of Free-Response Studies, 1992–2008: Assessing the Noise Reduction Model in Parapsychology" (PDF). Psychological Bulletin. 136 (4): 471–85. doi:10.1037/a0019457. PMID 20565164. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2011-01-24. Retrieved 2010-08-18.
101. Rouder, J. N.; Morey, R. D.; Province, J. M. (2013). "A Bayes factor meta-analysis of recent extrasensory perception experiments: Comment on Storm, Tressoldi, and Di Risio (2010)". Psychological Bulletin. 139 (1): 241–247. doi:10.1037/a0029008. PMID 23294092.
102. Leonard Zusne, Warren H. Jones (1989). Anomalistic Psychology: A Study of Magical Thinking. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 167. ISBN 0-8058-0508-7
103. Druckman, Daniel; Swets, John A., eds. (1988). Enhancing Human Performance: Issues, Theories, and Techniques. National Academy Press. p. 176.
104. Dossey, Larry (1999). Reinventing Medicine. HarperCollins. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-06-251622-0.
105. Waller, Douglas (1995-12-11). "The Vision Thing". TIME. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
106. Marks, David; Kammann, Richard (1978). "Information transmission in remote viewing experiments". Nature. 274 (5672): 680–81. Bibcode:1978Natur.274..680M. doi:10.1038/274680a0.
107. Marks, David (1981). "Sensory cues invalidate remote viewing experiments". Nature. 292 (5819): 177. Bibcode:1981Natur.292..177M. doi:10.1038/292177a0.
108. Martin Bridgstock. (2009). Beyond Belief: Skepticism, Science and the Paranormal. Cambridge University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0521758932 "The explanation used by Marks and Kammann clearly involves the use of Occam's razor. Marks and Kammann argued that the 'cues' - clues to the order in which sites had been visited—provided sufficient information for the results, without any recourse to extrasensory perception. Indeed Marks himself was able to achieve 100 percent accuracy in allocating some transcripts to sites without visiting any of the sites himself, purely on the ground basis of the cues. From Occam's razor, it follows that if a straightforward natural explanation exists, there is no need for the spectacular paranormal explanation: Targ and Puthoff's claims are not justified".
109. "James Randi Educational Foundation — An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural". Randi.org. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
110. Tart, Charles; Puthoff, Harold; Targ, Russell (1980). "Information Transmission in Remote Viewing Experiments". Nature. 284 (5752): 191. Bibcode:1980Natur.284..191T. doi:10.1038/284191a0. PMID 7360248.
111. Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 136. ISBN 1-57392-979-4
112. Marks, David; Scott, Christopher (1986). "Remote Viewing Exposed". Nature. 319 (6053): 444. Bibcode:1986Natur.319..444M. doi:10.1038/319444a0. PMID 3945330.
113. Carey, Benedict (2007-02-06). "A Princeton Lab on ESP Plans to Close Its Doors". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-08-03.
114. George P. Hansen. "Princeton [PEAR] Remote-Viewing Experiments - A Critique". Tricksterbook.com. Retrieved 2014-04-06.
115. Stanley Jeffers (May–June 2006). "The PEAR proposition: Fact or fallacy?". Skeptical Inquirer. 30.3. Retrieved 2014-01-24.
116. Dunne, Brenda J.; Jahn, Robert G. (1985). "On the quantum mechanics of consciousness, with application to anomalous phenomena". Foundations of Physics. 16 (8): 721–772. Bibcode:1986FoPh...16..721J. doi:10.1007/BF00735378. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
117. Robert L. Park. (2000). Voodoo Science: The Road from Foolishness to Fraud. Oxford University Press. pp. 198-200. ISBN 0-19-860443-2
118. Massimo Pigliucci. (2010). Nonsense on Stilts: How to Tell Science from Bunk. University of Chicago Press. pp. 77-80. ISBN 978-0-226-66786-7
119. Bösch H, Steinkamp F, Boller E (2006). "Examining psychokinesis: the interaction of human intention with random number generators—a meta-analysis". Psychological Bulletin. 132 (4): 497–523. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.4.497. PMID 16822162. The study effect sizes were strongly and inversely related to sample size and were extremely heterogeneous. A Monte Carlo simulation showed that the very small effect size relative to the large, heterogenous sample size could in principle be a result of publication bias.
120. Radin, D.; Nelson, R.; Dobyns, Y.; Houtkooper, J. (2006). "Reexamining psychokinesis: comment on Bösch, Steinkamp, and Boller". Psychological Bulletin. 132 (4): 529–32, discussion 533–37. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.4.529. PMID 16822164.
121. Wilson, David B.; Shadish, William R. (2006). "On blowing trumpets to the tulips: To prove or not to prove the null hypothesis--Comment on Bösch, Steinkamp, and Boller (2006)". Psychological Bulletin. 132 (4): 524–528. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.4.524. PMID 16822163.
122. Schmidt, S.; Schneider, R.; Utts, J.; Walach, H. (2004). "Distant intentionality and the feeling of being stared at: two meta-analyses". British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953). 95 (Pt 2): 235–47. doi:10.1348/000712604773952449. PMID 15142304.
123. Ullman, Montague (2003). "Dream telepathy: experimental and clinical findings". In Totton, Nick (ed.). Psychoanalysis and the paranormal: lands of darkness. Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Karnac Books. pp. 14–46. ISBN 978-1-85575-985-5.
124. Parker, Adrian. (1975). States of Mind: ESP and Altered States of Consciousness. Taplinger. p. 90. ISBN 0-8008-7374-2
125. Clemmer, E. J. (1986). "Not so anomalous observations question ESP in dreams". American Psychologist. 41 (10): 1173–1174. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.10.1173.b.
126. Hyman, Ray. (1986). Maimonides dream-telepathy experiments. Skeptical Inquirer 11: 91-92.
127. Neher, Andrew. (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination. Dover Publications. p. 145. ISBN 0-486-26167-0
128. Hansel, C. E. M. The Search for a Demonstration of ESP. In Kurtz, Paul. (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. pp. 97-127. ISBN 0-87975-300-5
129. Ramakrishna Rao, K, Gowri Rammohan, V. (2002). New Frontiers of Human Science: A Festschrift for K. Ramakrishna Rao. McFarland. p. 135. ISBN 0-7864-1453-7
130. Belvedere, E.; Foulkes, D. (1971). "Telepathy and Dreams: A Failure to Replicate". Perceptual and Motor Skills. 33 (3): 783–789. doi:10.2466/pms.1971.33.3.783. PMID 4331356.
131. Hansel, C. E. M. (1989). The Search for Psychic Power: ESP and Parapsychology Revisited. Prometheus Books. pp. 141-152. ISBN 0-87975-516-4
132. Sherwood, S. J; Roe, C. A. (2003). "A Review of Dream ESP Studies Conducted Since the Maimonides Dream ESP Programme". Journal of Consciousness Studies. 10: 85–109.
133. Alcock, James (2003). "Give the Null Hypothesis a Chance: Reasons to Remain Doubtful about the Existence of Psi". Journal of Consciousness Studies. 10: 29–50. "In their article, Sherwood and Roe examine attempts to replicate the well-known Maimonides dream studies that began in the 1960s. They provide a good review of these studies of dream telepathy and clairvoyance, but if one thing emerges for me from their review, it is the extreme messiness of the data adduced. Lack of replication is rampant. While one would normally expect that continuing scientific scrutiny of a phenomenon should lead to stronger effect sizes as one learns more about the subject matter and refines the methodology, this is apparently not the case with this research."
134. Pim van Lommel (2010). Consciousness Beyond Life: The science of the near-death experience. HarperOne. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-06-177725-7.
135. Evelyn Elsaesser Valarino (1997). On the Other Side of Life: Exploring the phenomenon of the near-death experience. Perseus Publishing. p. 203. ISBN 978-0-7382-0625-7.
136. Mauro, James (1992). "Bright lights, big mystery". Psychology Today. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
137. Lee Worth Bailey and Jenny L. Yates (1996). The near-death experience: a reader Routledge, p. 26.
138. Tucker, Jim (2005). Life before life: a scientific investigation of children's memories of previous lives. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-32137-6.
139. Shroder, T (2007-02-11). "Ian Stevenson; Sought To Document Memories Of Past Lives in Children". The Washington Post.
140. Cadoret, R (2005). "Book Forum: Ethics, Values, and Religion - European Cases of the Reincarnation Type". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 162(4): 823–4. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.4.823. Archived from the original on 2009-07-17.
141. Harvey J. Irwin (2004). An Introduction to Parapsychology. McFarland, p. 218.
142. Shroder, Tom (2007-02-11). "Ian Stevenson; Sought To Document Memories Of Past Lives in Children". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
143. Ian Wilson. (1981). Mind Out of Time: Reincarnation Investigated. Gollancz. ISBN 0-575-02968-4
144. "The Case Against Immortality". Infidels.org. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
145. Robert Baker. (1996). Hidden Memories: Voices and Visions from Within. Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-576-8
146. Robert Cogan. (1998). Critical Thinking: Step by Step. University Press of America. pp. 202-203. ISBN 0-7618-1067-6 "Edwards catalogs common sense objections which have been made against reincarnation. 1) How does a soul exist between bodies? 2) Tertullian's objection: If there is reincarnation, why are not babies born with the mental abilities of adults? 3) Reincarnation claims an infinite series of prior incarnations. Evolution teaches that there was a time when humans did not yet exist. So reincarnation is inconsistent with modern science. 4) If there is reincarnation, then what is happening when the population increases? 5) If there is reincarnation, then why do so few, if any people, remember past lives?... To answer these objections believers in reincarnation must accept additional assumptions... Acceptance of these silly assumptions, Edwards says, amounts to a crucifixion of one's intellect."
Paul Edwards. (1996, reprinted in 2001). Reincarnation: A Critical Examination. Prometheus books. ISBN 1-57392-921-2
147. Simon Hoggart, Mike Hutchinson. (1995). Bizarre Beliefs. Richard Cohen Books. p. 145. ISBN 978-1573921565 "The trouble is that the history of research into psi is littered with failed experiments, ambiguous experiments, and experiments which are claimed as great successes but are quickly rejected by conventional scientists. There has also been some spectacular cheating."
148. Robert Cogan. (1998). Critical Thinking: Step by Step. University Press of America. p. 227. ISBN 978-0761810674 "When an experiment can't be repeated and get the same result, this tends to show that the result was due to some error in experimental procedure, rather than some real causal process. ESP experiments simply have not turned up any repeatable paranormal phenomena."
149. Charles M. Wynn, Arthur W. Wiggins. (2001). Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends...and Pseudoscience Begins. Joseph Henry Press. p. 165. ISBN 978-0309073097 "Extrasensory perception and psychokinesis fail to fulfill the requirements of the scientific method. They therefore must remain pseudoscientific concepts until methodological flaws in their study are eliminated, and repeatable data supporting their existence are obtained."
150. Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 144. ISBN 1-57392-979-4 "It is important to realize that, in one hundred years of parapsychological investigations, there has never been a single adequate demonstration of the reality of any psi phenomenon."
151. Jan Dalkvist (1994). Telepathic Group Communication of Emotions as a Function of Belief in Telepathy. Dept. of Psychology, Stockholm University. Within the scientific community however, the claim that psi anomalies exist or may exist is in general regarded with skepticism. One reason for this difference between the scientist and the non scientist is that the former [sic] relies on his own experiences and anecdotal reports of psi phenomena, whereas the scientist at least officially requires replicable results from well controlled experiments to believe in such phenomena - results which according to the prevailing view among scientists, do not exist.
152. Willem B. Drees (28 November 1998). Religion, Science and Naturalism. Cambridge University Press. pp. 242–. ISBN 978-0-521-64562-1. Retrieved 5 October 2011. Let me take the example of claims in parapsychology regarding telepathy across spatial or temporal distances, apparently without a mediating physical process. Such claims are at odds with the scientific consensus.
153. Victor Stenger. (1990). Physics and Psychics: The Search for a World Beyond the Senses. Prometheus Books. p. 166. ISBN 0-87975-575-X "The bottom line is simple: science is based on consensus, and at present a scientific consensus that psychic phenomena exist is still not established."
154. Eugene B. Zechmeister, James E. Johnson. (1992). Critical Thinking: A Functional Approach. Brooks/Cole Pub. Co. p. 115. ISBN 0534165966 "There exists no good scientific evidence for the existence of paranormal phenomena such as ESP. To be acceptable to the scientific community, evidence must be both valid and reliable."
155. Gracely, Ph.D., Ed J. (1998). "Why Extraordinary Claims Demand Extraordinary Proof". PhACT. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
156.
Jastrow, Joseph (1938). "ESP, House of Cards". The American Scholar. 8: 13–22.
Price, George (1955). "Science and the Supernatural". Science. 122 (3165): 359–367. Bibcode:1955Sci...122..359P. doi:10.1126/science.122.3165.359.
Girden, Edward (1962). "A Review of Psychokinesis (PK)". Psychological Bulletin. 59 (5): 353–388. doi:10.1037/h0048209.
Crumbaugh, James (1966). "A Scientific Critique of Parapsychology". International Journal of Neuropsychiatry. 5: 521–29.
Moss, Samuel; Butler, Donald (1978). "The Scientific Credibility Of ESP". Perceptual and Motor Skills. 46 (3_suppl): 1063–1079. doi:10.2466/pms.1978.46.3c.1063.
Michael Shermer. (2003). Psychic drift. Why most scientists do not believe in ESP and psi phenomena. Scientific American 288: 2.
157. Graham Reed. (1988). The Psychology of Anomalous Experience: A Cognitive Approach. Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-435-4 Leonard Zusne, Warren H. Jones (1989). Anomalistic Psychology: A Study of Magical Thinking. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN 0-8058-0508-7
158. Willard, AK; Norenzayan, A (2013). "Cognitive biases explain religious belief, paranormal belief, and belief in life's purpose". Cognition. 129 (2): 379–91. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2013.07.016. PMID 23974049.
159. Myers, David G; Blackmore, Susan. "Putting ESP to the Experimental Test". Hope College. Archived from the original on 2008-10-05. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
160. Donovan Rawcliffe. (1952). The Psychology of the Occult. Derricke Ridgway, London.
161. C. E. M. Hansel. (1980). ESP and Parapsychology: A Critical Reevaluation. Prometheus Books.
162. Ray Hyman. (1989). The Elusive Quarry: A Scientific Appraisal of Psychical Research. Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-504-0
163. Andrew Neher. (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-26167-0
164. Alcock, James (2003). "Give the Null Hypothesis a Chance: Reasons to Remain Doubtful about the Existence of Psi" (PDF). Journal of Consciousness Studies. 10: 29–50. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-10. "Parapsychology is the only realm of objective inquiry in which the phenomena are all negatively defined, defined in terms of ruling out normal explanations. Of course, ruling out all normal explanations is not an easy task. We may not be aware of all possible normal explanations, or we may be deceived by our subjects, or we may deceive ourselves. If all normal explanations actually could be ruled out, just what is it that is at play? What is psi? Unfortunately, it is just a label. It has no substantive definition that goes beyond saying that all normal explanations have apparently been eliminated. Of course, parapsychologists generally presume that it has something to do with some ability of the mind to transcend the laws of nature as we know them, but all that is so vague as to be unhelpful in any scientific exploration."
165. Diaconis, Persi (1978). "Statistical Problems in ESP Research". Science. 201(4351): 131–136. Bibcode:1978Sci...201..131D. doi:10.1126/science.663642. PMID 663642.
166. Druckman, D.; Swets, J. A., eds. (1988). Enhancing Human Performance: Issues, Theories and Techniques. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-309-07465-0.
167. James Alcock, Jean Burns, Anthony Freeman. (2003). Psi Wars: Getting to Grips with the Paranormal. Imprint Academic. p. 25. ISBN 978-0907845485
168. Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 146. ISBN 1-57392-979-4
169. Antony Flew. (1989). The problem of evidencing the improbable and the impossible. In G. K. Zollschan, J. F. Schumaker & G. F. Walsh (eds.). Exploring the paranormal. pp. 313–327. Dorset, England: Prism Press.
170. Michael W. Friedlander. (1998). At the Fringes of Science. Westview Press. p. 122. ISBN 0-8133-2200-6
171. "parapsychology - The Skeptic's Dictionary". Skepdic.com. 2013-12-22. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
172. Ray Hyman. (2008). "Anomalous Cognition? A Second Perspective". Skeptical Inquirer. Volume 32. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
173. Wiseman, Richard (2009). "Heads I Win, Tails You Lose". Skeptical Inquirer. 34 (1): 36–40.
174. Hyman, R (1988). "Psi experiments: Do the best parapsychological experiments justify the claims for psi?". Experientia. 44 (4): 315–322. doi:10.1007/bf01961269.
175. Mario Bunge. (1983). Treatise on Basic Philosophy: Volume 6: Epistemology & Methodology II: Understanding the World. Springer. p. 56. ISBN 978-9027716347
176. Land, Richard I. (1976). "Comments on Hypothetical Extrasensory Perception (ESP)". Leonardo. 9 (4): 306–307. doi:10.2307/1573360. JSTOR 1573360.
177. Shermer, Michael (2003). "Psychic drift. Why most scientists do not believe in ESP and psi phenomena". Scientific American. 288: 2.
178. Moulton, S. T.; Kosslyn, S. M. (2008). "Using Neuroimaging to Resolve the Psi Debate" (PDF). Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 20 (1): 182–192. doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20.1.182. PMID 18095790. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-12. Retrieved 2017-10-25.
179. Acunzo, D.J.; Evrard, R.; Rabeyron, T. (2013). "Anomalous Experiences, Psi, and Functional Neuroimaging". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 7: 893. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00893. PMC 3870293. PMID 24427128.
180. Shiah, YJ; Wu, YZ; Chen, YH; Chiang, SK (2014). "Schizophrenia and the paranormal: More psi belief and superstition, and less déjà vu in medicated schizophrenic patients". Comprehensive Psychiatry. 55 (3): 688–92. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.11.003. PMID 24355706.
181. John Taylor. (1980). Science and the Supernatural: An Investigation of Paranormal Phenomena Including Psychic Healing, Clairvoyance, Telepathy, and Precognition by a Distinguished Physicist and Mathematician. Temple Smith. ISBN 0-85117-191-5
182. Susan Blackmore. (2001). Why I Have Given Up in Paul Kurtz. Skeptical Odysseys: Personal Accounts by the World’s Leading Paranormal Inquirers. Prometheus Books. pp. 85-94. ISBN 1-57392-884-4
183. Mario Bunge. (1983). Treatise on Basic Philosophy: Volume 6: Epistemology & Methodology II: Understanding the World. Springer. pp. 225-226. ISBN 978-9027716347
"Precognition violates the principle of antecedence ("causality"), according to which the effect does not happen before the cause. Psychokinesis violates the principle of conservation of energy as well as the postulate that mind cannot act directly on matter. (If it did no experimenter could trust his own readings of his instruments.) Telepathy and precognition are incompatible with the epistemological principle according to which the gaining of factual knowledge requires sense perception at some point."
"Parapsychology makes no use of any knowledge gained in other fields, such as physics and physiological psychology. Moreover, its hypotheses are inconsistent with some basic assumptions of factual science. In particular, the very idea of a disembodied mental entity is incompatible with physiological psychology; and the claim that signals can be transmitted across space without fading with distance is inconsistent with physics."
184. Gardner, Martin (September 1981). "Einstein and ESP". In Kendrick Frazier (ed.). Paranormal Borderlands of Science. Prometheus. pp. 60–65. ISBN 978-0-87975-148-7. Gilovich, Thomas (1993). How We Know What Isn't So: The Fallibility of Human Reason in Everyday Life. Simon & Schuster. pp. 160, 169, 174, 175. ISBN 978-0-02-911706-4.
185. Milton A. Rothman. (1988). A Physicist's Guide to Skepticism. Prometheus Books. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-87975-440-2 "Transmission of information through space requires transfer of energy from one place to another. Telepathy requires transmission of an energy-carrying signal directly from one mind to another. All descriptions of ESP imply violations of conservation of energy in one way or another, as well as violations of all the principles of information theory and even of the principle of causality. Strict application of physical principles requires us to say that ESP is impossible."
186. Charles M. Wynn, Arthur W. Wiggins. (2001). Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends...and Pseudoscience Begins. Joseph Henry Press. p. 165. ISBN 978-0309073097 "One of the reasons scientists have difficulty believing that psi effects are real is that there is no known mechanism by which they could occur. PK action-at-a-distance would presumably employ an action-at-a-distance force that is as yet unknown to science... Similarly, there is no known sense (stimulation and receptor) by which thoughts could travel from one person to another by which the mind could project itself elsewhere in the present, future, or past."
187. "Telekinesis and Quantum Field Theory : Cosmic Variance". Blogs.discovermagazine.com. 2008-02-18. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
188. John Taylor. (1980). Science and the Supernatural: An Investigation of Paranormal Phenomena Including Psychic Healing, Clairvoyance, Telepathy, and Precognition by a Distinguished Physicist and Mathematician. Temple Smith. pp. 27-30. ISBN 0-85117-191-5
189. Felix Planer. (1980). Superstition. Cassell. p. 242. ISBN 0-304-30691-6
190. Felix Planer. (1980). Superstition. Cassell. p. 254. ISBN 0-304-30691-6
191. ^ Bunge, Mario (2001). Philosophy in Crisis :The Need for Reconstruction. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books. p. 176. ISBN 978-1-57392-843-4.
192. Mario Bunge. (1983). Treatise on Basic Philosophy: Volume 6: Epistemology & Methodology II: Understanding the World. Springer. pp. 225-227. ISBN 978-9027716347
193. Mario Bunge. (1984). What is Pseudoscience?. The Skeptical Inquirer. Volume 9: 36-46.
194. Bunge, Mario (1987). "Why Parapsychology Cannot Become a Science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10 (4): 576–577. doi:10.1017/s0140525x00054595.
195. Arthur Newell Strahler. (1992). Understanding Science: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues. Prometheus Books. pp. 168-212. ISBN 978-0-87975-724-3
196. Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. pp. 113-150. ISBN 1-57392-979-4
197. Raimo Tuomela Science, Protoscience, and Pseudoscience in Joseph C. Pitt, Marcello Pera (1987). Rational Changes in Science: Essays on Scientific Reasoning. Springer. pp. 83-102. ISBN 9401081816
198. Science Framework for California Public Schools. California State Board of Education. 1990.
199. Beyerstein, Barry L. (1995). "Distinguishing Science from Pseudoscience"(PDF). Simon Fraser University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-11. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
200. Hyman, Ray (1995). "Evaluation of the program on anomalous mental phenomena". The Journal of Parapsychology. 59 (1). Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
201. Alcock, J. E. (1981). Parapsychology, Science or Magic?. Pergamon Press. ISBN 978-0-08-025772-3.
202. Alcock, J. E. (1998). "Science, pseudoscience, and anomaly". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 21 (2). doi:10.1017/S0140525X98231189.
203. James Alcock. (1981). Parapsychology-Science Or Magic?: A Psychological Perspective. Pergamon Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0080257730
204. Thomas Gilovich. (1993). How We Know What Isn't So: The Fallibility of Human Reason in Everyday Life. Free Press. p. 160
205. Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. pp. 117-145. ISBN 1-57392-979-4
206. Bauer, Eberhard; von Loucadou, Walter (1991). "A STRAWMAN CALLED "PSI"-OR: WHAT IS PROFESSOR BUNGE AFRAID OF?*". New Ideas in Psychology. 9 (2): 157–162. doi:10.1016/0732-118x(91)90019-i.
207. David Marks. (1986). Investigating the Paranormal. Nature. Volume 320: 119-124.
208. French, Chris; Stone, Anna. (2014). Anomalistic Psychology: Exploring Paranormal Belief and Experience. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 252-255. ISBN 978-1-4039-9571-1
209. Dowden, Bradley. (1993). Logical Reasoning. Wadsworth Publishing Company. p. 392. ISBN 978-0534176884
210. Henry Gordon. (1988). Extrasensory Deception: ESP, Psychics, Shirley MacLaine, Ghosts, UFOs. Macmillan of Canada. p. 13. ISBN 0-7715-9539-5"The history of parapsychology, of psychic phenomena, has been studded with fraud and experimental error."
211. Hyman, Ray. (1989). The Elusive Quarry: A Scientific Appraisal of Psychical Research. Prometheus Books. pp. 99-106. ISBN 0-87975-504-0
212. Stein, Gordon. (1996). The Encyclopedia of the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 688. ISBN 1-57392-021-5]
213. Andrew Neher. (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination Dover Publications. p. 220. ISBN 0-486-26167-0
214. Scott, C.; Haskell, P. (1973). ""Normal" Explanation of the Soal-Goldney Experiments in Extrasensory Perception". Nature. 245 (5419): 52–54. Bibcode:1973Natur.245...52S. doi:10.1038/245052a0.
215. Betty Markwick. (1985). The establishment of data manipulation in the Soal-Shackleton experiments. In Paul Kurtz. A Skeptic’s Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. pp. 287-312. ISBN 0-87975-300-5
216. McBurney, Donald H; White, Theresa L. (2009). Research Methods. Wadsworth Publishing. p. 60. ISBN 0-495-60219-1
217. Neher, Andrew. (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination. Dover Publications. p. 144. ISBN 0-486-26167-0
218. Philip John Tyson, Dai Jones, Jonathan Elcock. (2011). Psychology in Social Context: Issues and Debates. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 199. ISBN 978-1405168236
219. Massimo Pigliucci. (2010). Nonsense on Stilts: How to Tell Science from Bunk. University Of Chicago Press. p. 82. ISBN 978-0226667867
220. Kendrick Frazier. (1991). The Hundredth Monkey: And Other Paradigms of the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. pp. 168-170. ISBN 978-0879756550
221. Lawrie Reznek. (2010). Delusions and the Madness of the Masses. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 54. ISBN 978-1442206052
222. McFarland, J.D. (June 1937). "Extra-sensory perception of normal and distorted symbols". Journal of Parapsychology (2): 93–101.
223. McFarland, James D. (September 1938). "Discrimination shown between experimenters by subjects". Journal of Parapsychology (3): 160–170.
224. Louisa Rhine. (1983). Something Hidden. McFarland & Company. p. 226. ISBN 978-0786467549
225. "Hodgson, Richard (1855–1905)". Hodgson, Richard (1855 - 1905) Biographical Entry. Australian Dictionary of Biography, Online Edition. Retrieved 2007-08-03.
226. Mary Roach. (2010). Spook: Science Tackles the Afterlife. Canongate Books Ltd. pp. 122-130. ISBN 978-1847670809
227. Houdini, Harry (1987). A Magician Among the Spirits. Arno Press. ISBN 978-0-8094-8070-8.
228. Alcock, James E.; Jahn, Robert G. (2003). "Give the Null Hypothesis a Chance" (PDF). Journal of Consciousness Studies. 10 (6–7): 29–50. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-10. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
229. Akers, C. (1986). "Methodological Criticisms of Parapsychology, Advances in Parapsychological Research 4". PesquisaPSI. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
230. Child, I.L. (1987). "Criticism in Experimental Parapsychology, Advances in Parapsychological Research 5". Pesq uisaPSI. Archived from the originalon 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
231. Wiseman, Richard; Smith, Matthew; et al. (1996). "Exploring possible sender-to-experimenter acoustic leakage in the PRL autoganzfeld experiments - Psychophysical Research Laboratories". The Journal of Parapsychology. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
232. Lobach, E.; Bierman, D. (2004). "The Invisible Gaze: Three Attempts to Replicate Sheldrake's Staring Effects" (PDF). Proceedings of the 47th PA Convention. pp. 77–90. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
233. Vyse, Stuart (2017). "P-Hacking Confessions: Daryl Bem and Me". Skeptical Inquirer. 41 (5): 25–27. Archived from the original on 2018-08-05. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
234. Hyman, Ray (1996). "The Evidence for Psychic Functioning: Claims vs. Reality". CSICOP. Archived from the original on 2007-05-19. Retrieved 2007-07-02.
235. Carroll, Robert Todd (2005). "psi assumption". Skepdic.com. The Skeptics Dictionary. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
236. Broad, William J. (1983-02-15). "Magician's Effort To Debunk Scientists Raises Ethical Issues". NYTimes.com. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
237. Randi, J. (1983) The Project Alpha experiment: Part one: the first two years. Skeptical Inquirer, Summer issue, Pages 24-33 and Randi, J. (1983)The Project Alpha Experiment: Part two: Beyond the Laboratory,” Skeptical Inquirer Fall issue, Pages 36-45
238. Utts, Jessica (1991). "Replication and Meta-Analysis in Parapsychology". Statistical Science. 6 (4): 363–403. doi:10.1214/ss/1177011577.
239. Stenger, Victor J. (2002). "Meta-Analysis and the Filedrawer Effect". Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
240. Kennedy, J.E. (2005). "A Proposal and Challenge for Proponents and Skeptics of Psi". Journal of Parapsychology. 68: 157–167. Retrieved 2007-07-29.
241. Nicola Holt, Christine Simmonds-Moore, David Luke, Christopher French. (2012). Anomalistic Psychology (Palgrave Insights in Psychology). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0230301504
242. Chris French. "Anomalistic Psychology". videojug (Interview). Archived from the original on 2013-05-20.
243. "The rise of anomalistic psychology – and the fall of parapsychology? : Soapbox Science". blogs.nature.com.
244. "Committee for Skeptical Inquiry". csicop.org. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
245. "James Randi Educational Foundation". randi.org. Retrieved 2007-11-14.
246. "About the Occult Investigative Committee of The Society of American Magicians".
www.tophatprod.com. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
247. "The Society Of American Magicians".
www.magicsam.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-01. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
Further reading• Allison, Paul D. (1979). "Experimental Parapsychology as a Rejected Science". The Sociological Review. 27 (suppl): 271–291. doi:10.1111/j.1467-954X.1979.tb00065.x.
• Alcock, James (1981). Parapsychology-Science Or Magic?: A Psychological Perspective. Pergamon Press.
• Bunge, Mario (1987). "Why Parapsychology Cannot Become a Science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10 (4): 576–577. doi:10.1017/s0140525x00054595.
• Hines, Terence (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-979-4
• Irwin, Harvey J.; Watt, Caroline. (2007). An Introduction to Parapsychology. McFarland & Company. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-7864-3059-8.
• Marks, David (2000). The Psychology of the Psychic (2nd Edition). New York: Prometheus Books. p. 336. ISBN 978-1-57392-798-7.
• Moore, E. Garth (1977). Believe It or Not: Christianity and Psychical Research. London: Mowbray. ISBN 0-264-66010-2
• Neher, Andrew (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination. Dover Publications.
• Randi, James (June 1982). Flim-Flam! Psychics, ESP, Unicorns, and Other Delusions. Prometheus Books. p. 342. ISBN 978-0-345-40946-1.
• Randi, James; Arthur C. Clarke (1997). An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 336. ISBN 978-0-312-15119-5.
• Sagan, Carl; Ann Druyan (1997). The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark. Ballantine Books. p. 349. ISBN 978-0-345-40946-1.
• Shepard, Leslie (2000). Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology. Thomson Gale. p. 1939. ISBN 978-0-8103-8570-2.
• Shermer, Michael (2003). "Psychic drift. Why most scientists do not believe in ESP and psi phenomena". Scientific American. 288: 2.
• Wiseman, Richard; Watt, Caroline (2005). Parapsychology (International Library of Psychology). Ashgate Publishing. pp. 501 pages. ISBN 978-0-7546-2450-9.
External links• The Division of Perceptual Studies at the University of Virginia School of Medicine.
• Institute of Noetic Sciences A nonprofit organization that sponsors research in parapsychology.
• Parapsychological Association An organization of scientists and scholars engaged in the study of psychic phenomena, affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1969.
• Rhine Research Center A historical parapsychological research center featuring the first building ever made for experimental work in parapsychology. The Rhine Research Center is a hub for research and education in Parapsychology.
• Society for Psychical Research Founded in 1882, the SPR was the first society to conduct organised scholarly research into parapsychology and other human experiences that challenge contemporary scientific models. It continues its work today.
• Committee for Skeptical Inquiry Organization formed in 1976 to promote scientific skepticism and encourage the critical investigation of paranormal claims and parapsychology.
• James Randi Educational Foundation The James Randi Education Foundation(JREF) was founded to promote critical thinking in the areas of the supernatural and paranormal. The JREF has provided skeptical views in the area of parapsychology.
• FindArticles.com Index Large number of articles about parapsychology, from publications such as the Journal of Parapsychology and the Skeptical Inquirer.
• Parapsychology at Curlie