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PART 3 OF 5
CHAPTER 13
1. "Boycott Chiefs View," NYT, Apr. 4, 1933.
2. "Sweep of Officials is Decreed in Reich," NYT, Apr. 13, 1933: see letter, "The Charge in Germany (Gordon) to the Secretary of State," FRUS, 1933, (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1949), II: 347-350.
3. "Demand New Move to Aid Reich Jews," NYT, Apr. 20, 1933; "Anti-Nazi Protest March Through New York Voted by American Jewish Congress," JDB, Apr. 21, 1933.
4. See letter, Wise to Ruth Mack Brunswick, Apr. 6, 1933, in Carl Hermann Voss, ed., Stephen S. Wise: Servant of the People (Philadelphia: JPSA, 1969), 183; letter, J. H. Holmes to Wise, Apr. 20, 1933, BPM at AJA: see cablegram, Wise to Mr. Deutsch, in minutes, AJCAdCom., Aug. 17, 1933, AJHS, 1-2: "Dr. Wise's Report on his Activities in Europe," in minutes, AJCAd, AJHS, 13: see press release, AJC, Sep. 25, 1933, BPM at AJA, 4-5.
5. "Anti-Nazi Protest March Through New York Voted," JDB, Apr. 21, 1933.
6. Ibid.: "Demand New Move to Aid Reich Jews," NYT, Apr. 21, 1933: "Protest Parade on Nazi Book Burning Day to Be Largest Ever Staged Here," JDB, May 5, 1933.
7. "Call 2,000,000 Jews to March in Protest," NYT, Apr. 21, 1933: "Protest Parade on Nazi Book Burning to be Largest Ever Staged Here," JDB, May 5, 1933: "Colby to be Speaker at Hitler Protest," NYT, May 9, 1933; "Jews of World Join in Great Demonstration Against Hitler Persecutions," JDB, May 12, 1933.
8. "Frown on Parades as Hitler Protest," NYT, Apr. 28, 1933.
9. "A Universal Verdict," NYT, Apr. 29, 1933.
10. "250,000 to Protest," NYT, May 4, 1933.
11.-12. "Schacht Aroused by Dispatch to The Times; Challenges Account of Nazi Rally Plans," NYT, May 5, 1933.
13. Telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 6, 1933, DGFP, 1918-1945 (London, HMSO, 1957), ser. C. I: 390-391: Hjalmar Horace Greely Schacht, Confessions of "The Old Wizard": The Autobiography of Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht, trans. Diana Pyke (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1956), 282.
14. Telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 6, 1933, DGFP, 392; Schacht, 282.
15.- 16. Telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 6, 1933, DGFP, 390-93.
17. "German Dye Trust Hit by Reprisals," and "Untermyer Urges German Boycott," NYT, May 8, 1933: see "Extract from the Minutes of the Conference of Ministers," Apr. 7, 1933, DGFP, 262.
18. "Jews Invite Schacht," NYT, May 8, 1933.
19. See letter, Wise to Albert Einstein, May 9, 1933, in Voss, 188.
20. "Boycott of Reich Verified in Munich," NYT, May 9, 1933,
21. Schacht, 283: Cordell Hull, The Memoirs of Cordell Hull (New York: Macmillan, 1948), I: 237.
22. Hull, 236-38.
23. William E. Dodd, Jr., and Martha Dodd, Ambassador Dodd's Diary, 1933-1938 (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1941), 4-5: Schacht, 283-84: Hull, 237-38.
24. Hull, 237-38; Schacht, 283-84.
25. Hull, 238.
26. Letter, Wise to Einstein, May 9, 1933, in Voss, 187.
27. "Schacht Will Measure Cost of Anti-Semitism," NYT, May 7, 1933.
28. "Untermyer Urges German Boycott," NYT, May 8, 1933.
29. "100,000 March Here in 6-Hour Protest Over Nazi Policies," NYT, May 11, 1933: "Jews of World Join in Great Demonstration Against Hitler Persecutions in Germany," JDB, May 12, 1933; see photograph, "Anti-Nazi Demonstration Organized by the American Jewish Congress in New York, May 10, 1933," in "United States," Encyclopaedia Judaica (Jerusalem: Keter, 1972), XV: 1629-30.
30. "100,000 March Here," NYT, May 11, 1933; "Jews of World Join in Great Demonstration," JDB, May 12, 1933.
31. "100,000 March Here," NYT, May 11, 1933; "Jews of World Join in Great Demonstration," JDB, May 12, 1933: see Justine Wise Polier and James Waterman Wise, ed., The Personal Letters of Stephen Wise (Boston: Beacon, 1965), 9-10.
32. "100,000 March Here," NYT, May 11, 1933; "Jews of World Join in Great Demonstration," JDB, May 12, 1933: "50,000 Jews Unite in Chicago Protest," NYT, May 11, 1933: see "Paris Joins Protest," "Protest Goebbels Appointment," and "20,000 in Philadelphia Parade," JDB, May 12, 1933.
33. Schacht, 284-85: see telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 15, 1933, DGFP, 423: see letter, Wise to Einstein, May 9, 1933, in Voss, 188: see confidential memo, L.D.B. (Brandeis) to S.S.W (Wise), May 11, 1933, BPM at AJA.
34. "Private and Confidential Bulletin," J.T.A., undated, BPM at AJA: see letter/diary, James G. McDonald to the Foreign Policy Association, Apr. 3, 1933, BPM at AJA, 2-4; see letters, Wise to George Alexander Kohut, Apr. 26, 1933, and Wise to Einstein, May 9, 1933, in Voss, 186-87; Confidential memo, L.D.B. (Brandeis) to S.S.W. (Wise), May 11, 1933, BPM at AJA; letter, Wise to L.D.B. (Brandeis), May 12, 1933, BPM at AJA: see letter, Joe Comming to Wise, May 10, 1933, BPM at AJA: see Naomi W. Cohen, Not Free to Desist: The American Jewish Committee, 1906-1966 (Philadelphia: JPSA, 1972), 162: Schacht 284-85.
35. Schacht, 285; see telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 15, 1933, DGFP, 423.
36. Telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 15, 1933, DGFP, 423-24: see Schacht, 284.
37. Telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 15, 1933, DGFP, 413-14.
CHAPTER 14
2. Isaiah Friedman, Germany, Turkey and Zionism, 1897-1918 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1977), 3-6, 59-66, 73-90; H. G. Adler, The Jews in Germany from the Enlightenment to National Socialism, (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1969), 104.
2. Friedman, 80, 197-201, 211-27, 339-41; see Great Britain Arab Office, The Future of Palestine (Geneva, Switzerland: "Imprimerie Centrale," 1947), 96-104.
3. Dickram Boyajian, Armenia: TM Case for a Forgotten Genocide (Westwood, New Jersey: Educational Book Crafters, 1972), 15, 145, see 192-36.
4. Friedman, 400-2, 406; Francis R. J. Nocosia, "Germany and the Palestine Question, 1933-1939" (unpub. Ph.D. diss., history, McGill, 1977), 23-27, 47-48, see appendix no. 8, p. 356.
5. "Is Palestine in Need of German Goods?" Haaretz, Aug. 16, 1933, in report, American Consulate General in Jerusalem, Aug. 30, 1933, NA ADT-667N.6212/6;see letter, Wolff o RFM, July 3, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368972/77; see "Palestine as a German Export Market," JR, July 25, 1933 (trans. GZ); see Nicosia, 30-32, see appendixes nos. 6 and 7, pp. 354-55.
6. Doar Hayom, Mar. 27, 1933, in Werner E. Braatz, "German Commercial Interests in Palestine: Zionism and the Boycott of German Goods, 1933-1934," European Studies Review (SAGE, London and Beverly Hills), IX (1979): 494-85.
7. Haaretz, Apr. 3, 1933 (trans. GG); see confidential minutes, American Economic Committee for Palestine Executive Committee, May 15, 1933, BPM at AJA; see editorial, Kol Israel, May 18, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4028, L015469/72; see letters, Wolff to the RFM, Mar. 28, 30, and telegram, Mar. 31, NA T-230 roll 4028, L015398/406 (trans. GZ); see report, "Jewish Boycott of German Goods and Opportunities for American Exporters," American Consulate General in Jerusalem to the Secretary of State, July 7, 1933, NA ADT 667N.6212/2.
8. Joseph Schechtman, Fighter and Prophet: The Vladimir Jabotinsky Story, The Last Years (New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1962), 139-40, 158-59, 164-72, see 214-16; see Walter Laqueur, A History of Zionism (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972), 343-59.
9. Hazit Haam, Apr. 22, 1933, in JABA (trans. GG); see report, "Boycott of German Goods Expanding," American Consulate General in Jerusalem to the Secretary of State, Apr. 5, 1933, NA ADT 667N.6212/1 see report, "Continued Boycott of German Goods," American Consulate General in Jerusalem to the Secretary of State, Aug. 26, 1933, NA ADT 667N. 6212/7.
10. Letter, Wolff to RFM, May 8, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4887, L319007/013 (trans. GZ); see Braatz, 490-92.
11. Letter, Chancery, British Embassy, Berlin, to the Central Department, Foreign Office, May 6, 1933, PRO-FO 371/16723-1556; "Difficulties for Palestine Emigrants Made Despite Nazi Promise to Britain," JDB, May 5, 1933.
12. See letter, G. Landauer to Prof. Brodetsky, undated (mid-Apr., 1933), CZA S25/9706 (trans. GZ).
13. Notes, R.M.A. Hankey, Apr. 18, 1933, and J. C. Stendale-Bennett, Apr. 22, and confidential letter, A.C.C. Parkinson to Brodetsky, Apr. 15, 1933, in "Foreign Office Minute: Position of Jews in Germany, " PRO-FO 371/16721-1556.
14. utter, I. H. Wallace to R.M.A. Hankey, Apr. 21, 1933, and letter, Central Department to the Chancery, British Embassy, Berlin, Apr. 27, 1933, PRO FO 371/16721-1556.
15. "Moses, Siegfried," Encyclopaedia Judaica (Jerusalem: Keter, 1972), XII: 415-16; see "Note Concerning the Transfer Agreement," Sam Cohen, Oct. 9, 1933, CZA Z4/3434.
16. "Note Concerning the Transfer Agreement," Sam Cohen, Oct. 9, 1933, CZA Z4/3434.
17. See letter, Wolff to RFM, Apr. 25, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368911 (trans. GZ); see note, "Permission for Emigrants to Palestine to Deposit Monies on the Sperrkonto of the Firm Hanotaiah," Dr. Reichhardt for the Ministry of Economics to Hanotaiah, May 19, 1933, CZA K-11/180-2 (trans. GZ).
18. Karl A. Schleunes, The Twisted Road to Auschwitz: Nazi Policy Toward German Jews, 1933-1939 (Urbana: Univ. of Illinois, 1970), 195-96; see Werner Feilchenfeld, Dolf Michaelis, and Ludwig Pinner, Haavara-Transfer nach Palestina und Einwanderung deutscher Juden 1933-1939 (Tuebingen, 1972), 12 (author's trans. 7); see interview, Dr. Dolf Michaelis with the author, Sep. 1, 1981, author's transcript 4-7, 61.
19. Interview with Dr. Michaelis, Sep. 1. 1981, author's transcript 61-68.
20. Note, "Permission for Emigrants to Palestine to Deposit Monies," Dr. ReichhaIdt for the Ministry of Economics to Hanotaiah, May 19, 1933, CZA K-11/180-2 (trans. GZ); see interview, Dr. Michaelis, Sep. 1, 1981, author's transcript 12-14; also see letters, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, and Landauer to Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. GZ); see Histadrut minutes, "Protocol on the Situation of Jews in Germany," Bellinson and Julius Berger, July. 14, 1933, ALM (trans. GG); also see letter, Wolff to the RFM, July 27, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369010/20 (trans. GZ); also see letter, Herman Ellern to Schmidt-Roelke, July 27. 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369051/2.
21. See Theodor Herzl, The Jewish State: An Attempt at a Modern Solution of the Jewish Question, trans. Sylvie D'Avigdor (London: Central Office of ZO, 1936). 34; see note. "Permission for Emigrants to Palestine to Deposit Monies," Dr. Reichhardt for the Ministry of Economics to Hanotaiah, May 19, 1933. CZA K-11/180-2 (trans. GZ); see letter, Herman Ellern to Schmidt-Roelke, July 27, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954. L369051/2; see interview, Dr. Michaelis, Sep. 1, 1981, author's transcript 13-14.
22.-25. Confidential report, "Sir H. Rumbold to Sir John Simon," May 11, 1933, PRO-FO 371/16751-1556, pp. 1-2.
26. Ibid.; see memorandum, "Sir E. Phipps (Berlin) to Sir J. Simon," Oct. 24, 1933, DGFP, 1918-1945 (London: HMSO, 1957), ser. C.I: 713.
27.-30. Confidential report, "Sir H. Rumbold to Sir J. Simon," May 11, 1933, PRO-FO 371/16751-1556, pp. 2-3.
31. Schleunes, 140; "Jewish Reaction on Reich," NYT, May 15, 1933.
33. "Jews Here Decree Boycott on Reich, "NYT, May 15, 1933.
33. "Jewish Reaction on Reich," NYT, May 15, 1933; "Stores Find 'Made in Germany' a Handicap; Importers are Looking Elsewhere for Goods." NYT, May 16, 1933.
34. "Reich Exports Cut by 10% in April." NYT, 5/17/33; "Reich Prices Rise; Nazis Are Worried." NYT, 5/22/33; see Richard Grunberger, The 12-Year Reich; A Social History of Nazi Germany, 1933- 1945 (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971), 4.
35. See "The Reich Minister of Food and Agriculture to the Reich Chancellor," Apr. 12, 1933, DGFP, 287-88; see "The Minister in Poland to the Foreign Ministry," Apr. 19, 1933, and enclosed "Memorandum," Apr. 12, 1933, DGFP, 306-10; see political report, "The Minister in Poland to the Foreign Ministry," Apr. 23, 1933, DGFP, 328-33; letter, "Minister Moltke to State Secretary Bulow," Apr. 26, 1933, DGFP, 351-53; see telegram, "The Ambassador in Italy to the Foreign Ministry," Apr. 22, 1933, DGFP, 325; strictly confidential telegram, "The Minister in Czechoslovakia to the Foreign Ministry," Apr. 25, 1933, DGFP, 343, see n. 2; letter, "Sir H. Rumbold (Berlin) to Sir J. Simon," May 5, 1933, DBFP (London: HMSO, 1956), 1919- 1939, ser. 2, V (1933): 200-2.
36. Letter, "Sir R. Graham (Rome) to Sir J. Simon," Apr. 14, 1933, DBFP, 143; telegram, "The President of the Reichsbank to the Foreign Ministry," May 15, 1933, DGFP, 423-24; "Minute by an Official of Department II," May 2, 1933, DGFP, 369-72; "Memorandum by the Reichswehr Minister," May 15, 1933, DGFP, 435-36.
37. Telegram, Moses, Berlin, to Mazurka, Lodz, May 13, 1933, CZA K-11/180-1 (trans. DD).
38. Letters, Landauer to Jacobsohn, 619/33, and Landauer to Pinner, 713/33, CZA S7/92; memorandum, Landauer to Arlosoroff, 5/12/33, CZA S-25/9707 (trans. EF); see interview with Chaim Arlosoroff, "What Does Palestine Have to Offer the German Jews?" JR, no. 41, 5/23/33 (trans. GZ).
39. See letter, Chaim Arlosoroff to Sima Arlosoroff, May 21, 1933, in The Writings of Chaim Arlosoroff, Tel Aviv University (trans. GG); Sima Arlosoroff, in Chaim Arlosoroff: A Selection of His Writings and Biographical Chapters, 52 (trans. GG); see Hans-Otto Meissner, Magda Goebbels; The First Lady of the Third Reich, trans. Gwendolin Mary Keeble (New York: Dial, 1980), 13-14.
40. See memorandum, Landauer to Arlosoroff, May 12, 1933, CZA S-25/9707 (trans. EF); see top secret memorandum, "Some Thesis to the Question of the Liquidations Bank," Chaim Arlosoroff, May 19, 1933, CZA S-25/9706.
41. "Leipzig Fur Auction Fails," NYT, 5/13/33.
42. Confidential report, "Sir H. Rumbold to Sir John Simon," May 11, 1933, PRO-FO 371/16751-1556; see speech, Adolf Hitler to the Doctor's Union, Apr. 1933, in Norman H. Baynes, ed. and trans., The Speeches of Adolf Hitler, I (London: Oxford, 1942), 728-29; interview, Adolf Hitler by Bernard Ridder and William J. Margreve, Staats-Zeitung and Herald, in "Hitler, 'Man With a Holy Mission' Explains Jewish Stand to Ridder," JDB, May 24, 1933; see interview, Adolf Hitler by Anne O'Hare McCormick, "Hitler Seeks Jobs for All Germans," NYT, July 10, 1933; see speech, Adolf Hitler, Oct. 24, 1933, in Baynes, 729-30.
43.-44. Interview with Adolf Hitler by Ridder and Margreve, in "Hitler 'Man With a Holy Mission,' Explains Jewish Stand," JDB, May 24, 1933.
45. Memorandum, Landauer to Arlosoroff, May 12, 1933, CZA S25/9707; also see letter, Landauer to Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S-7/92 (trans. GZ/ DD); telegram, Moses, Berlin, to Mazurka, Lodz, May 13, 1933, CZA K-11/180-1.
46. Telegram, Moses, Berlin, to Mazurka, Lodz, May 13, 1933, CZA K-11/180-1.
47. Note, "Permission for Emigrants to Palestine to Deposit Monies," Dr. Reichardt for the Ministry of Economies to Hanotaiah, May 19, 1933, CZA K-11/180-2 (trans. GZ).
CHAPTER 15
1. Telegram, Moses, Berlin, to Mazurka, Lodz, May 13, 1933, CZA K-11/180-1 (trans. DD).
2. Letter, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. DD/GZ).
3. See statement, RFM, in letter, Chancery, British Embassy, Berlin, to the Central Department, May 23, 1933, PRO-FO 371/16724-1723.
4. Letters, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, and Landauer to Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S7/92; see letters, President of the State Finance Office/ Office of Foreign Currency to prospective emigrants to Palestine, June 2, 7, and 12, 1933, CZA S7/92.
5. Letters, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, and Landauer to Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S7/92; see letter, no signature (Martin Rosenbluth) to Landauer, May 19, 1933, CZA L-13/138-II (trans. DD).
6. Letter, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. GZ/DD); see "Note About the Transfer Agreement," Sam Cohen, Oct. 9, 1933, CZA Z4/3434; see "Highly Confidential" report, "Some Theses to the Question of the Liquidation Bank," Chaim Arlosoroff, May 19, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. DD).
7.-9. "Highly Confidential" report, "Some Theses to the Question of the Liquidation Bank," Cbaim Arlosoroff, May 19, 1933, CZA S25/9706; also see letter, H. Fleiss to Chaim Arlosoroff, June 10, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. DD).
10.-11. "Highly Confidential" report, "Some Theses to the Question of the Liquidation Bank," Chaim Arlosoroff, May 19, 1933, CZA S-25/9706.
12. Ibid.; see Theodor Herzl, The Jewish State; An Attempt at a Modern Solution of the Jewish Question, trans. Sylvie D'Avigdor (London: Central Office of ZO, 1936), 18, 29.
13. Letter, no signature (Martin Rosenbluth) to Landauer, May 19, 1933, CZA L-13/138-II (trans. DD); see report, "Some Theses to the Question of the Liquidation Bank," Chaim Arlosoroff, May 19, 1933, CZA S-25/9706; interview with Chaim Arlosoroff, "What Does Palestine Have to Offer the German Jews?" JR, no 41, May 23, 1933, 214 (trans. GZ); see speech, "Palestine and the Present Jewish Emergency," Chaim Arlosoroff, Selbstwehr, no. 21, May 26, 1933 (trans. HG).
14. Interview with Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff, "What Does Palestine Have to Offer the German Jews?" JR, no. 41, May 23, 1933, 214 (trans. GZ); see Shaul Esh, Studies in the Holocaust and Contemporary Jewry (Jerusalem: ICJ, 1973), 42, no. 9 (author's trans. 63).
15.-16. Interview with Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff, "What Does Palestine Have to Offer the German Jews?" JR, no. 41, May 23, 1933, 214 (trans. GZ).
17. "Report From Germany," in protocol, ZO Exec. Session, June 1, 1933, CZA L-13/138-1 (trans. DD).
18.-20. Statement, RFM, in dispatch, Chancery, British Embassy, Berlin, to the Central Department, May 23, 1933, PRO-FO 371/16724-1723.
21. Speech, Chaim Arlosoroff, "Palestine and the Present Jewish Emergency," Selbstwehr, no. 21, May 26, 1933 (trans. HG); see "Transportation of Jewish Capital from Germany to Palestine," Haaretz, July 20, 1933 (trans. GZ).
22. Letter, no signature (Martin Rosenbluth) to Landauer, May 19, 1933, CZA L-13/138-11 (trans. DD).
23. Letter, Zionist Central Office to Sam Cohen, May 30, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4887, L015521 or L319146 (trans. GZ).
24.-26. "Report from Germany," in protocol, ZO Exec. Session, June 1, 1933, CZA L-13/138-I (trans. DD).
27. Ibid.; telegram, ZO, London, to the Jewish Agency, Jerusalem, June 9, 1933, CZA L-9/441.
28. "Report from Germany," in protocol, ZO Exec. Session, June 1, 1983, CZA L-13/138-I (trans. DD); telegram, ZO, London, to Jewish Agency, Jerusalem, June 9, 1933, CZA L-9/441.
29.-31. "Minutes of a Conversation with the Colonial Secretary," S. Brodetsky, June 1, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. YC).
32. Telegram, Arlosoroff/Cohen to Hanotaiah, June 4, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4887, L319147 (trans. GZ).
33. Letter, A. M. Hyamson, Government of Palestine Dep. of Immigration, to the Jewish Agency Executive, May 19, 1933, WA.
34. See Letters, President of the State Finance Office/Office of Foreign Currency Control, to prospective emigrants to Palestine, June 2, 7, and 12, 1933, CZA S7/92.
35. Letter, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. DD/GZ).
36. See Joseph Schechtman, Fighter and Prophet: The Vladimir Jabotinsky Story, the Last Years (New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961), 164-66.
37. See Walter Laqueur, A History of Zionism (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, (972), 281, 318, 326-27, 332-33; Esco Foundation, Palestine: A Study of Jewish. Arab and British Policies , (New Haven: Yale, 1947), I: 349-51, 359-63: see editorial, M. Smilansky, "The Happy Isle, "Boustani, Feb. 8, 1933, in confidential minutes, Executive Committee of the American Economic Committee for Palestine, Mar. 20, 1933, BPM at AJA.
38. Laqueur, 351-53; see Schechtman, 231-37; Esco, II: 749, 1135, no. 64.
39. Schechtman, 158.
40. Laqueur, 318, 359-62; see "The Facts About Revisionism, "JC, July 14, 1933, 28; Davar and Doar Hayom, Apr. 18, 1933, in "Confidential Review of the Press," Alexander Sloan, American Consul in Jerusalem, June 19, 1933, NA 867N. 9111/100.
41. See Esco, II: 749; Schechtman, 235, 248; see "Make Palestine a Land of Fulfillment," JDB, Aug. 22, 1933, 4; see "Unfinished Business Prolongs Session of Zionist Congress," JDB, Aug. 31, 1933, 4.
42. Laqueur, 318-19; Esco, I: 362-63; see Schechtman, 237.
43. Imperial and Foreign News: "Latvia," JC, May 5, 1933, 34; see Schechtman, 248.
44. Schechtman, 214.
45. Haaretz, May 12, 1933, in Esh, 58, 74; letter, Wolff to RFM, May 16, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4887, L319035 (trans. GZ).
46. Letter, Wolff to RFM, "Jewish Boycott and How to Fight It," May 17, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4887, L015493 (trans. GZ).
47. Editorial, Kol Israel, no. 31 (549), May 18, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4028, L015546 (trans. GZ); Werner E. Braatz, "German Commercial Interests in Palestine: Zionism and the Boycott of German Goods, 1933-1934," European Studies Review (SAGE, London and Beverly Hills), IX (1979): 497.
48. See Susan Lee Hattis, The Bi-National Idea in Palestine During Mandatory Times (Haifa: Shikmona, 1970) 64, 86-98; Christopher Sykes, Crossroads to Israel (Cleveland: World, 1965), 122-24, 126; see Falastin and Al Jamia Al Arabia, Apr. 22, 1933, in "Confidential Review of the Press," Sloan, American Consul in Jerusalem, June 19, 1933, NA 867N. 9111/100.
49. Hattis, 90-91, 117; see "Mizrachi Asks Removal of Dr. Arlosoroff Over Transjordan Negotiations, " JDB, Apr. 27, 1933.
50. Letter, Brodetsky to A.C.C. Parkinson, Feb. 14, 1933, PRO-FO 371/E963/257/31-1933, in Hattis, 122.
51. Falastin and Al Jamia Al Arabia, Apr. 22, 1933, in "Confidential Review of the Press," Sloan, American Consul in Jerusalem, June 19, 1933, NA 867N. 91111/100.
52. "Mizrachi Asks Removal of Dr. Arlosoroff Over Transjordan Negotiations," JDB, Apr. 27, 1933; Palestine Post, Apr. 29, 1933, in "Confidential Review of the Press," Sloan, American Consul in Jerusalem, June 19, 1933, NA 867N. 9111/100.
53. Minutes, Actions Committee of ZO, first session, Aug. 17, 1933, CZA Z4/287/1 (trans. GB); also see Edwin Viscount Samuel, A Lifetime in Jerusalem (London: Abelard Schuman, 1970), 137-38.
54. Haaretz, Apr. 27, 1933, in "Confidential Review of the Press," Sloan, American Consulate in Jerusalem, June 19, 1933, NA 867N. 9111/100; see letter, Neumann to Szold, Apr. 27, 1933, BPM at AJA, 2-3.
55. Confidential report, "Proposed Settlement of Arab Villagers on Household Plots Provided by Jewish Auspices," Alexander Sloan, American Consul, Jerusalem, May 1, 1933, NA 867N.oo/174.
56. "Transjordan Leaders Invite Jewish Agency to Buy Land Here," JDB, May 26, 1933: see Haaretz, May 24, 1933 (trans. GB).
57. "Transjordan Leaders Invite Jewish Agency to Buy Land Here," JDB, May 26, 1933: see "Pro- Zionism in Trans-Jordan," Palestine Post, May 26, 1933.
58.-62. "Strictly Secret-Confidential Minute of a Conversation between Mr. W. J. Johnson and Mr. Emanuel Neumann on May 24, 1933," in letter, Neumann to Szold, May 25, 1933, BPM at AJA.
63. Pamphlet, Defense Committee of the Revisionists Arrested in Palestine, I Can't Keep Quiet! (New York, 1933), II; see Schechtman, 158.
64. Laqueur, 369.-63; see Schechtman, 216: see "Sicarii," Encyclopaedia Judaica (Jerusalem: Keter, 1972), XIV: 1491-92.
65. Chaim Arlosoroff, Writings in Six Volumes, 1:5; see Hattis, 84-85.
66. Chaim Arlosoroff, Jerusalem Diary (MAPAI Publications, 1948), 334, 341, in Hattis, 101-2.
67. See Haaretz, May 24, 1933 (trans GZ): "Two Forces in Transjordan are Continually Fighting Between Themselves," Doar Hayom, May 25, 1933; "Pro-Zionism in Transjordon," Palestine Post, May 26, 1933 "A Plan for Helping German Jewry," Palestine Post, June 12, 1933; see "The Stalin-Ben-Gurion-Hitler Alliance," Hazit Haam, June 16, 1933 (trans. GB); Die Welt (Poland), June 9, 1933, in Teveth, chap. 5 (trans. GB); Hazit Haam, June 9, 1933, in Teveth, chap. 5 (trans. GB).
68. Sima Arlosoroff, in Chaim Arlosoroff: A Selection of His Writings and Biographical Chapters: Teveth, chap. 6 (trans. GB).
69.-70. Teveth, chap 4.
71. Ibid.: interview, Shaul Arlosoroff with the author, Jan. 1982.
72. Teveth, chap. 4.
73. Ibid.; "Rewards Are Posted for Capture of the Slayers of Dr. Arlosoroff," JDB, June 19, 1933.
74. "The Stalin-Ben-Gurion-Hitler Alliance," Hazit Haam, June 16, 1933 (trans. GB); see "100,000 At Funeral of Dr. Arlosoroff," Palestine Post, June 16, 1933: Teveth, chap. 5.
75. Samuel, 137-38; Teveth, chap. 5.
76. Teveth, chap. 8: "Attention Focused on Jaffa As Evidence Mounts Against Arlosoroff-Suspects," JDB, Aug. 11, 1933, 2.
77. Teveth, chap. 8; "Attention Focused on Jaffa," JDB, Aug. 11, 1933: Sima Arlosoroff, in Chaim Arlosoroff: A Selection of His Writings and Biographical Chapters (trans. GG).
78. Teveth, chap. 8.
79. Ibid.: "Rewards Are Posted," JDB, June 19, 1933.
80. Teveth, chap. 8: "Attention Focused on Jaffa," JDB, Aug. 11, 1933, 92.
81. Teveth, chap. 8; "Attention Focused on Jaffa," JDB, Aug. 11, 1933, 2; "100,000 At Funeral of Dr. Arlosoroff, Palestine Post, June 16, 1933.
82-83. Teveth, chap. 8.
84. Ibid.: interview with Shaul Arlosoroff on Israeli television, Jan., 1981.
CHAPTER 16
1. "Rewards Are Posted for the Capture of the Slayers of Dr. Arlosoroff," and "British House of Commons to Make Issue of Murder of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff," JDB, June 19, 1933; "100,000 at Funeral of Dr. Arlosorof," New Palestine, June 16, 1933; "Warsaw in Mourning," and "Funeral at Tel Aviv," JDB, June 20, 1933.
2. "Revisionist Held in Arlosoroff Murder," JDB, June 21, 1933 see "The Stalin-Ben-Gurion-Hitler Alliance," Hazit Haam, June 16, 1933 (trans. GB).
3. "Revisionist Held in Arlosoroff Murder," JDB, June 21, 1933: "Two Revisionists Charged With Stavsky in Murder Conspiracy," JDB, Aug. 4, 1933: "Resume Arlosoroff Murder Trial," JDB, Aug. 25, 1933; Joseph Schechtman, Fighter and Prophet: The Vladimir Jahotinsky Story, the Later Years (New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961), 184-85.
4. See "Jaffa Police to Ask to hold Stavsky at Arraignment," JDB, July 6, 1933 see Letters to Editor, Yosef Ahimeir and Dr. Dov Joseph, "The Arlosoroff Affair," Jerusalem Post, June 17, 1979.
5. See "Arlosoroff Assassin Escaped to Lebanon, Arab Paper Reports," JDB, June 28, 1933; see "Sephardic Jew's Arrest Leads to Rumor He Has Clue to Murder of Arlosoroff," JDB, July 5, 1933:
Sephardic Jew’s Arrest Leads to Rumor He Has Clue to Murder of Arlosoroff
July 5, 1933
Jerusalem (Jul. 3)
The arrest here yesterday of a humble Sephardic Jew on unknown charges caused a rumor in the press here that he was connected with the search for the murderer of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff. One paper said it has information that the Sephardi resembled the description of the assassin given by Mrs. Arlosoroff.
Police here, however, informed the Jewish Telegraphic Agency that the rumor was without foundation. In any case, they hinted, it would be difficult to imagine what connection an obscure Sephardic Jew who has no political connections would have with Dr. Arlosoroff’s slaying.
Authorities are still continuing their quest for the man or men who were responsible for the tragic death of the young Zionist leader.
"Net for Dr. Arlosoroff Slayer is Spread Wide," JDB, July 10, 1933: report, American Consulate General, Jerusalem, to the Secretary of State, "The Legacy of Dr. Arlosoroff," June 29, 1934, NA 867N. 00/197; report, American Consulate General, Jerusalem, to the Secretary of State, "Aquittal of Stavsky in Conclusion of Arlosoroff Murder Trial," Aug. 7, 1934, NA 867N. 00/203: see Schechtman, 197-205.
6. See "Was Arlosoroff Murdered by the British?" Canadian Daily Hebrew Journal, June 27, 1958; see Schechtman, note on 202-3;see Letters to the Editor, Yosef Ahimeir and Dr. Dov Joseph, "The Arlosoroff Affair," Jerusalem Post, June 17, 1979: see Hesi Carmel and Jaques Derogy, The Untold History of Israel (New York: Grove, 1979), 44-49; "Official Probe Into Arlosoroff Affair," Jerusalem Post, Mar. 15, 1982; see "People Who Remember," and Menachem Begin, "Anatomy of Incitement," Jerusalem Post, Mar. 19, 1982.
7. Schechtman, 185.
8. Ibid.; Our Voice, July 1934, and Die Welt, Nov. 16, 1933, in Schechtman, 186.
9. Kaunas, Lithuania Yiddische Stimme, no 1418, in Schechtman, 189.
10. See "Zionists and Laborites Mourn Dr. Arlosoroff Memorial Meeting," and "Tension in Poland," JDB, June 23, 1933: Schechtman, 189-90.
11. Schechtman, 190; Eitan Haber, Menachem Begin: The Legend and the Man (New York: Dell, 1978), 71.
12. Haber, 71-72.
13. Shaul Esh, Studies in the Holocaust and Contemporary Jewry (Jerusalem: ICJ 1973), 75 (author's trans. 32); "To Aid German Immigrants," Doar Hayom, July 19, 1933 (trans. GB); minutes, meeting of Conference of Representatives of Institutions, July 2, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. YC).
14. Minutes, meeting of Conference of Representatives of Institutions, July 2, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. YC).
15. Letter, Wolff to RFM, June 15, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368939 et seq. (trans. GZ).
16. Ibid.; see report, American Consulate General, Jerusalem, to the Secretary of State, "Suspension of the Newspaper 'Doar Hayom,'" Jan. 29, 1931, and enclosed "Memorandum on the Suspension of the Doar Hayom," NA 867N. 918 DOAR HAYOM/II.
17. Letter, Wolff to RFM, June 15, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368939 et seq. (trans. GZ).
18. See letter, Moses A. Leavitt to Justice Brandeis, May 24, 1933, BPM at AJA; Industrie & Handel, June 19, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4956, L370302/3 (trans. GZ); see Great Britain Colonial Office, Palestine and Trans-Jordan for the Year 1932 (London: HMSO, 1933), 165, 167.
19.-27. Letter, Wolff to RFM, June 15, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368939 et seq. (trans. GZ).
28. Ibid.; Francis R. J. Nicosia, "Germany and the Palestine Question, 1933-1939" (unpub. Ph.D. diss., Dept. history, McGill, 1977), 87-88, see n. 2 on 88; Ernst Marcus, "The German Foreign Office and the Palestine Question in the Period 1933-1939," Yad Washem Studies on the European Jewish Catastrophe and Resistance, II (Jerusalem: Yad Washem, 1958): 181, 183-84; see JDB, July 5, 1933, 4.
29. Telegram, ZO London, to Jewish Agency, Jerusalem, June 9, 1933, CZA L-9/441.
30. Letter, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. GZ/DD).
31. Letter and enclosed memorandum, Landauer to the Ministry of Economics, June 20, 1933, CZA K-II/180-2 (trans. DD).
32. See letter, Wolff to RFM, June 15, 1933, marked "received June 20," NA T-120 roll 4954, L368939 (trans. GZ).
33.-34. Sam Cohen, "Note Concerning the Transfer Agreement," Oct. 9, 1933, CZA Z4/3434 (trans. DD).
35. Sam Cohen, "Note Concerning the Transfer Agreement," Oct. 9, 1933, CZA Z4/3434 (trans. DD).
36. Ibid.; letter, Landauer to L. Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. GZ/DD); see telegram, Ulrich to Wolff, July 24, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369000/01 (trans. GZ).
37.-39. Letter, Landauer to Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. GZ/DD).
40. Letter, Wolff to RFM, June 24, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368959 et seq. (trans. GZ); letter, Ussischkin to Sam Cohen, June 25, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4028, L015518/19 (trans. GZ).
41. Letter, Ussischkin to Sam Cohen, June 25, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4028, L015518/19 (trans. GZ).
42. Letter, Ussischkin to Jewish National Fund, Berlin, June 25, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4028, L015520 (also in CZA K-11/180-1; trans. GZ/DD).
43.-47. Letter, "Urgent," Wolff to RFM, June 24, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368959 et seq. (trans. GZ).
CHAPTER 17
1. Marvin Lowenthal, The Jews of Germany: A Story of Sixteen Centuries (New York: Longmans, Green, 1936), 224-26, 234, 242-48; Jehuda Reinharz, Fatherland or Promised Land: The Dilemma of the German Jew, 1893-1914 (Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan, 1975), 8.
2. Donald L. Niewyk, The Jews in Weimar Germany (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ., 1980), 98-103.
3.-4. Reinharz, 172-176.
5. Reinharz, 102-5, 210-17; see Jacob Boas, "The Jews of Germany: Self-Perceptions in the Nazi Era as Reflected in the German Jewish Press, 1933-1938" (unpub. Ph.D. diss. history, Univ. of California, Riverside, 1977), 142.
6. Lowenthal, 285; Isaiah Friedman, Germany. Turkey and Zionism, 1897-1918 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1977); 340, 343-44; Niewyk, 152-57; see Francis R. J. Nicosia, "Germany and the Palestine Question, 1933-1939" (unpub. Ph.D. diss., history, McGill, 1977), 62-63.
7. Reinhsrz, 141-42; Niewyk, 149, 156; "Zionism," Encyclopaedia Judaica (Jerusalem: Keter, 1971), XVI: 1116.
8. Friedman, 347-53, see 212-27.
9. See Martin Luther, "That Jesus Christ Was Born A Jew," trans. Walther I. Brandt, Luther's Works, vol. 45, "The Christian in Society," II, ed. Walther I. Brandt (Philadelphia: Muhlenberg, 1962): 199; see Louis Israel Newman, Jewish Influence on Christian Reform Movements (New York: Columbia, 1925), 619-21, 625-27.
10. Martin Luther, "On the Jews and Their Lies," trans. Martin H. Gertram, Luther's Works, vol. 47, "The Christian in Society," ed. Franklin Sherman (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1971): 157, 172, 264.
11. Ibid. 266.
12. Ibid., 276.
13. Ibid., 265, 288.
14. Ibid., 268-269, 288.
15. Ibid., 269-270, 272.
16. Ibid., 272.
17. Ibid., 292.
18. Roland H. Bainton, Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther (New York: Abingdon-Cokesbury 1940), 324-25, 373.
19. Uriel Tai, Christians and Jews in Germany: Religion, Politics, and Ideology in the Second Reich. 1870-1914, trans. Noah Jonathan Jacobs (Ithaca: Cornell, 1975), 248-52, 258; Richard Gutteridge, Open Thy Mouth for the Dumb! The German Evangelical Church and the Jews, 1879-1950 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1976), 4-6; see Luther, "On the Jews," Luther's Works, vol. 47: 265, 275.
20.Gutteridge, 17-18.
21. William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany (New York: Fawcett Crest, 1960), 155-59; Gutteridge, 341-42.
22. Gutteridge, 26-27.
23. Ibid., 37-41.
24. Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews (New York: Harper Colophon, 1979), 8-10; Shirer, 326-27; see interview with Eberhard Bethge by Beryl Satter, Dec. 14, 1981; interview with Ruth Zerner by Beryl Satter, Dec. 14, 1981.
25. "Hitler, 'Man With a Holy Mission,' Explains Jewish Stand to Ridder," JDB, May 24, 1933.
26. Luther, "On the Jews," Luther's Works, vol. 47: 264-, 265.
27. Gutteridge, 17.
28. Testimony by Streicher, Trial of the Major War Criminals, XII: 335.
29. Ibid., 318.
30. Nicosia, 67-68.
31. Ibid., 58; Joseph Schechtman, Rebel and Statesman: The Vladimir Jabotinsky Story, the Early Years (New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1956), 399.
32. Nicosia, 70.
33. Alfred Rosenberg, Die Spier, 153, in Nicosia, 65.
34. See letter, Dr. Franz Kahn to "Fellow Believers," Mar. 5, 1933, CZA S-25/9703; see letter, "M. Achi-Felix" (Martin Rosenbluth) to Arlosoroff, Apr. 6, 1933, CZA S-25/794; see Boas, 93-94.
35. Boas, 93; JR, May 12, 1933 (trans. GZ).
36. Alfred Rosenberg, Der Staatsfeindliche Zionismus (Hamburg: Deutschvillkfache Verlagsanstalt, 1922), 63, in Nicosia, 65 (trans. GZ).
37. See letter, Dr. Franz Kahn to "Fellow Believers," Mar. 5, 1933, CZA S/25, 9703; Martin Rosenbluth, Go Forth and Serve: Early Years and Public Life (New York: Herzl, 1961), 247-50.
38. JR, Apr. 7, 1933, in Boas, 111.
39. Speech, Kurt Tuchler, "Experiences and Observations During the First Four Years of the Hitler Regime," no date, YVA, 01/24 (trans. GZ); see series, "Ein Nazi Faehrt Nach Palestina," Der Angriff, Sept. 26-Oct. 9, 1934.
40. Jacob Boas, "A Nazi Travels to Palestine," History Today (Jan. 1980), 38; Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil (New York: Viking, 1964), 40; Nora Levin, The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry, 1933-1945 (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1968), 105, 290-91, 295-96.
41. Boas, "Jews of Germany," 11, 21-23; "Report from Germany," in protocol, ZO Exec. Session, June 1, 1933, CZA L-13/138-I (trans. DD).
42. Boas, "Jews of Germany," 25, 37, n. 67.
43. Boas, "Jews Of Germany," 21-26.
44. Marcus, 230, 276, 293; Boas, "Jews of Germany," 89: Nicosia, 118.
45. Policy statement by ZVfD, June 21, 1933, in Klaus J. Herrmann, Das Dritte Reich und die Drotschjeudischen Organisationen 1933-1934 (Munich: 1969), 16 (trans. GZ); same document, in Boas, "Jews of Germany," 112-13.
46. Policy statement by ZVfD, June 21, 1933, in Herrmann, 16 (trans. GZ).
47.-53. "Wear It With Pride, the Yellow Spot!" JR, Apr. 4, 1933 (trans. GZ).
54. See Lowenthal, 371-72, see 414; see Bolkosky, 15, 17, 172-73; Niewyk, 164; Ludwig Pinner, "Vermoegenstransfer nach Palestina 1933-1939," In Zwei Welten; Siegfried Moses Zum Funfundsiebzigsten Geburtstag (Tel Aviv: Verlag Bitaon, 1962), 133-38 (trans. EF); see interview with Dr. Dolf Michaelis by the author, Sep. 1, 198o, author's transcript 3.
CHAPTER 18
1. "'Horribly Mutilated': The Terror That Still Goes on," JC, May 19, 1933, 15; "Report Another Example of Nazi Torture Methods," JDB, May 11, 1933.
2. "Refugees Reach Warsaw," JC, June 9, 1933, 16.
3. "The Terror Receives New Impetus," JC, June 30, 1933, 18.
4. "Murdered Jews Ordered Buried in Non-Jewish Cemeteries in Future," JDB, May 5, 1933; "Report Another Example of Nazi Torture Methods," JDB, May 11, 1933; "More Suicides," JC, May 19, 1933, 14.
5. "Refugees Reach Warsaw," JC, June 9, 1933, 16; see "Frommer Returns Home from Investigation of Reports of Persecution," NYT, Aug. 13, 1933.
6. See JC, June 23, 1933, 22; "The Terror Receives New Impetus," JC, June 30, 1933, 18; see letter/diary, James McDonald to the Foreign Policy Association, Apr. 3, 1933, BPM at AJA; letter, "The Charge in Germany (Gordon) to the Acting Secretary of State," July 8, 1933, FRUS, 1933 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1949) II: 354-56; see "Persecution Stories True, Southern Minister Says," JDB, Aug. 15, 1933.
7. "Hitler Compares His Curbs to Ours," NYT, June 23, 1933.
8. "To Kill All German Jews if War Occurs, Nazi Warns," and "Danzig Nazis Promise Final Punishment of Jews," JDB, June 2, 1933.
9. "Should Sterilize Jews, Nazi Doctor Advises," JDB, June 2, 1933.
10. '"Not Quite Siegfried," NYT, June 20, 1933.
11. "Australia Raises a Fund," "Polish Jewry Unites," and "Manchester's Gigantic Protest," JC, May 5, 1933; "The Wearside Protests," "No Uncertain Voice," "A Civic Demonstration," "Leeds Youth Protest Meeting," "An Appeal by Dr. Barnes," and "Great Demonstration in Queen's Hall," JC, May 19, 1933; "German Jews in France," JC, June 9, 1933, 18.
12. JC, May 5, 1933.
13. "London May Bar German Film; Jews are Reported Boycotting all Reich Liners," JDB, May 22, 1933.
14. "The Argentine Boycott" and "The Boycott in France Goes on," JC, May 19, 1933, 16, 18.
15. "Anti-Nazi Stamps Shown," NYT, May 24, 1933; Werner E. Braatz, "German Commercial Interests in Palestine: Zionism and the Boycott of German Goods, 1933-1934," European Studies Review (SAGE, London and Beverly Hills), IX (1979): 494; "Boycott Stamps Issued," NYT, May 22, 1933.
16. "Intensifying the Boycott" and "Textile Trade's Meeting," JC, May 26, 1933, 30.
17. Report, "Movement in the Netherlands to Boycott German Goods," Roberts to Simon, May 18, 1933, PRO-FO 371/17405-1556.
18. Francis R. J. Nicosia, "Germany and the Palestine Question, 1933-1939" (unpub. Ph.D. diss., history, McGill, 1977), 76-77.
19. "The Anti-German Boycott Works," JC, May 19, 1933, 14.
20. Letter, Chamber of Commerce, Velbert, June 6, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L370296 (trans. GZ): "Egypt's Organized Protest," JC, June 2, 1933, 12.
21. "Silent Boycott Goes On," JC, June 23, 1933, 22.
22. "Foreign Trade Up for Reich in May," NYT, June 17, 1933.
23."Diamond-Cutting Trade in Antwerp Booms Because Jews Won't Send Gems to Reich," NYT, June 2, 1933; see "Diamond Merchants' Vigorous Boycott," JC, July 28, 1933, 14, 26.
24.-26. Letter, "Directorate of the Reichsbank to the Reich Chancellor," June 6, 1933, DGFP, 1918-1945 (London: HMSO, 1957), ser. C, I: 528-530.
27. "Memorandum by the Foreign Minister," June 7, 1933, DGFP, 531-32.
28.-29. Letter, "John Foster Dulles to Hjalmar Schacht," June 3, 1933, and enclosed aid-memoire, DGFP, 538-542.
30. "Berlin Counters Boycott in Latvia," NYT, June 11, 1933.
31. "German Embassy to Sue Anti-Nazi Students," JDB, May 24, 1933: "Rip Swastika Off German Ship," and "Latvian Jews Proclaim Boycott," JDB, June 6, 1933; "Berlin Counters Boycott in Latvia," NYT, June 11, 1933: "Reich and Latvia Agree," NYT, June 17, 1933: "Latvia Combats Jewish Boycott of German Goods," JDB, June 19, 1933 see "World Jewish Economic Conference," JC, June 30, 1933, 38.
32. "Intensifying the Boycott," JC, May 26, 1933, 21, 30; see "The 'Silent Boycott' Goes On," JC, June 23, 1933, 22; see "Nazis Evolve New Sign," NYT, June 25, 1933.
33. "Intensifying the Boycott," JC, May 26, 1933, 21, 30: "Big Boycott to Start July 1st," JC, June 9, 1933, 19; "Captain Webber at the Cenotaph," JC, June 16, 1933, 32; "Captain Webber's Boycott Certificate," JC, July 14, 1933, 32, see 19: "Anglo-Jewry Closes It's Ranks," JC, July28, 1933, 26; "Anti-Nazi Ban Enforced," NYT, July 23, 1933.
CHAPTER 19
1. "Nazis to Tolerate Fund to Aid Jews," NYT, May 21, 1933: "Nazis Block Payment of Jewish Relief Funds in Virtual Confiscation," JDB, July 13, 1933: "Bulletin," JDB, July 18, 1933.
2. "Importers to Use 'Blocked' Mark Balances," NYT, May 20, 1933.
3. "Nazi Government Aids Crippled Film Industry," JDB, June 7, 1933.
4. "London May Bar German Film," JDB, May 22, 1933; see "Tel Aviv Boycotts German Film," JDB, June 5, 1933; see "London Theatre Withdraws Expensive German Film: Disorders Mar Premiere," JDB, July 20, 1933.
5. See "Rumania Retaliates on Reich by Tariff and Curb on Imports," NYT, March 23, 1933.
6. "Memorandum on the German Economic Situation for the Week Ending 16th May, 1933," F. Thelwell, PRO-FO 371/16695-1527, pp. 4-6.
7. See Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews. (New York: Harper Colophon, 1979), 93.
8. "Nazis to Tolerate Fund to Aid Jews," NYT, May 21, 1933; see "Nazi Interference Imperils Business," NYT, Apr. 26, 1933.
9. Letter, "Sir H. Rumbold (Berlin) to Sir J. Simon," June 14, 1933, DBFP, 1919-1939 (London: HMSO, 1956) ser. 2, V: 1933: 351-52; see American Jewish Congress Endorses Boycott, Move to Adopt German Jewish Children Here," JDB, Aug. 22, 1933.
10. Letter, "Sir H. Rumbold (Berlin) to Sir J. Simon," June 30, 1933, DBFP, 384-90, see 390.
11. See "Boycott on Reich Extended Here," NYT, May 16, 1933: see "Plans Being Made for World Parley to Boycott Reich," JDB, June 5, 1933; "World Boycott Issue Up at Jewish Groups Parley," JDB, June 12, 1933.
12. "Extract from the Minutes of the Conference of Ministers," June 23, 1933, DGFP, 1918-1945 (London: HMSO, 1957), ser. C, I: 598-99.
13. "Untermyer Celebrates 75th Birthday, Plans to Attend Boycott Parley," JDB, June 7, 1933; "World Boycott Issue Up at Jewish Groups Parley," JDB, June 12, 1933.
14. "World Jews Plan to Widen Boycott," NYT, July 19, 1933; "World Jews Push Boycott of Reich for 'Inhuman' Acts," NYT, July 21, 1933 "Untermyer Assails Wise as Preliminary Boycott Meeting is Opened in Amsterdam," JDB, July 21, 1933.
15. "Parley in London Put Off by Jews," NYT, July 15, 1933.
16.-18. Letter, Wolff to RFM, June 24, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368959 et seq. (trans. GZ).
19. Letter, Reich Economics Ministry, June 24, 1933, cited in R. J. Nicosia, "Germany and the Palestine Question, 1933-1939," (unpub. Ph.D. Diss., history, McGill, 1977), 96 (trans. GZ).
20. Letter, Wolff to Prufer, June 27, 1933, in Nicosia, 95 (trans. GZ); same letter, in Shaul Esh, Studies in the Holocaust and Contemporary Jewry (Jerusalem: ICJ, 1973), 65 (author's trans. 25) and footnote 24 (author's trans. 78).
21. Minutes, meeting of the Conference of Representatives of Institutions, July 2 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. YC).
22.-26. Letter, Wolff to RFM, July 3, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368972/77 (trans. GZ).
27. John P. Fox, "Great Britain and the German Jews, 1933," WLB XXVI (1972 no. 1-2 n.s. 26-27): 40-45; "Wise Hails British for Scoring Nazis," NYT, July 21, 1933; see "Lead on the Boycott," JC, July 21, 1933, 28.
28. "London Jews Hold Anti-Nazi Parade," NYT, July 21, 1933; see "British Board of Deputies in Secret Session Decides Against Boycott Sponsorship," JDB, July 25, 1933; see "Move for Boycott Gaining in London," NYT, Mar. 25, 1933.
29. Bernard Wasserstein, Britain and the Jews of Europe, 1939-1945 (Oxford: Clarendon, 1979), 38; Colin Holmes, Anti-Semitism in British Society, 1876-1939 (New York: Holmes & Meier, 1979), 200; Walter Laqueur, A History of Zionism (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972), 184, 193-94, 400; see "Jews in Hiding," JC, July 14, 1933, 11; see "London Jews Hold Anti-Nazi Parade," NYT, July 21, 1933; see "Lead on the Boycott," JC, July 21, 1933, 28; also see letter, Wise to the American Jewish Congress Administrative Committee, July 28, 1933, attached to minutes, AJCAdCom, June 29, 1933, AJHS, 3; see "Our Leaders; A Mockery of Democracy, "JC, July 28, 1933, 16.
30. Letter to the Editor, Manchester Guardian, July 1, 1933; "English Jewry Against Boycott," Frankfurter Zeitung, July 5, 1933; see minutes, Joint Foreign Committee, June 30, 1933, BDBJ-A; see "Frankfurter Zeitung on the Boycott in England," JEF, July 7, 1933.
31. See JEF, June 30, 1933; "World Boycott Issue Up at Jewish Groups Parley," JDB, June 12, 1933; "The Conference," JEF, July 7, 1933.
32. Minutes, Joint Foreign Committee, July 21, 1933, BDBJ-A; Wasserstein, 38; "Jewry in Great Britain Moves for United Action," JDB, July 17, 1933.
33. Minutes, Joint Foreign Committee, July 12 1933, BDBJ-A; "Sudden Crisis At the Deputies," JC, July 14, 1933, 7; "Jewish Unity, "JEF, July 14, 1933; "Jewry in Great Britain Moves for United Action," JDB, July 17, 1933.
34. Minutes, Joint Foreign Committee, July 12 1933, BDBJ-A; "Sudden Crisis at the Deputies," JC, July 14, 1933, 7; see "Jewry in Great Britain Moves for United Action," JDB, July 17, 1933.
35. "World Jewry to Deliberate," JC, July 21, 1933, 7; "British Board of Deputies Accepts Proposal to Enlarge Joint Foreign Committee," JDB, July 21, 1933.
36. "Sudden Crisis at the Deputies," JC, July 14, 1933, 7; "World Jewry to Deliberate" and "Federation of Synogogues," JC, July 21, 1933, 7, 26; see "Jewry in Great Britain Moves for United Action," JDB, July 17, 1933; see "London Confirms Report," JDB, July 13, 1933.
37. "London Confirms Report," JDB, July 13, 1933.
CHAPTER 20
1. See Paul Seabury, The Wilhelmstrasse: A Study of German Diplomats under the Nazi Regime (Berkeley: Univ. of California, 1954).
2. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. GB); see Sam Cohen, "Note About the Transfer Agreement," Oct. 9, 1933, CZA Z4/3434 (trans. EF).
3. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. GB).
4. Note, Dr. Reichhardt for the Minister of Economics, to Sam Cohen, July 18, 1933, CZA Z4/3434 (trans. DD); see letter, Wolff to RFM, June 24, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L368959 et seq. (trans. GZ); see letters, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19 and July 21, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. GB).
5. Note, Dr. Reichhardt for the Minister of Economics, to Sam Cohen, July 18, 1933, CZA Z4/3434 (trans. DD).
6. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S'-25/9706; see minutes, Political Committee of the 18th ZC, 5th meeting, Aug. 29, 1933, CZA Z4/232/4 (trans. GB).
7. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. GB); note, Dr. Reichhardt for the Minister of Economics to Sam Cohen, July 18, 1933, CZA Z4/3434 (trans. DD).
8. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. GB); Memorandum, Landauer to the REM, "Transfer of the Capital of Jewish Immigrants from Germany to Palestine Through Export of Goods," July 19, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369080 (trans. GZ); see letter and enclosed memorandum, Landauer to the REM, June 20, 1933, CZA K-11/180-2 (trans. DD).
9. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S'-25/9706 (trans. GB); memorandum, Landauer to the REM, "Transfer of the Capital of Jewish Emigrants," July 19, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369080.
10. Letter, Landauer to Hartenstein, July 14, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369009 (trans. GZ); letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. GB); memorandum, Landauer to the REM, "Transfer of the Capital of Jewish Emigrants," July 19, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369080 (trans. GZ).
11. Letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S25/9706 (trans. GB); memorandum, Landauer to the REM, "Transfer of the Capital of Jewish Emigrants," July 19, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369080.
12. See letters, Landauer to Jacobsohn, June 9, 1933, and Landauer to Pinner, July 3, 1933, CZA S7/92 (trans. GZ); see letter, Wolff to RFM, July 27, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369010/20 (trans. GZ); letter, Margulies to Hoofien, July 27, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. DD); letter, Hermann Ellern to Schmidt-Roelke, July 27, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369051/2 (trans. GZ).
13. Letter, Landauer to Hartenstein, July 14, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369009 (trans. GZ); letter, Landauer to Hoofien, July 19, 1933, CZA S-25/9706 (trans. GB); see memorandum, Landauer to the REM, "Transfer of the Capital of Jewish Emigrants," July 19, 1933, NA T-120 roll 4954, L369080 (trans. GZ).
14. Karl A. Schleunes, The Twisted Road to Auschwitz: Nazi Policy Toward German Jews, 1933-1939 (Urbana: Univ. of Illinois, 1970), 188; see Werner Rosenstock, "Exodus 1933-1939: A Survey of Jewish Emigration from Germany, " Middle Eastern Studies (Oct., 1969), 379, see 380 n. 6; Jacob Boas, "The Jews of Germany: Self-Perceptions in the Nazi Era as Reflected in the German Jewish Press, 1933-1938" (unpub. Ph.D. diss. history, Univ. of California, Riverside, 1977), 84-85; see "Merchants Lured Back to Germany," London JC, July 14, 1933, 30; see letter, "Ambassador in Germany (Dodd) to the Acting Secretary of State," July 28, 1933, FRUS, 1933 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1949), II: 248-49; see "Jewish Telegraphic Agency Closed," JC, July 28, 1933, 14.