Part 2 of 2
So, for somebody like me who
was kind of gone for the last uh to four days, like what what did I what did I miss from your perspective? Nothing.
Right. So, we're back to we're back to where we were when I left, basically.
Well, look, uh, he issues these threats right before the markets close. Uh, I
think he's doing it kind of in a rage. I don't think necessarily there's a lot of thinking through. I mean, for instance,
there was this threat against Har Island as well. And then he ended up bombing,
but he only bombed the military facilities on the island, not the oil pipelines. To me, it it seems like a
pattern in which we're seeing how he's like trying to find some sort of an escalary option that will turn the
tables and turn the favor of the war back in the US's direction. and he throws something out there and then
folks around him essentially have to talk him down because reality is he does not have any escalatory options that do
not carry tremendous amount of risks and which the risk benefit ratio is just not a positive one for the US. If he had
taken out the oil installations on island, the Iranians would have blown up everything in the Persian Gulf in related to oil. And this was terrifying
for all of the uh other states in the region of course. And we saw that when the Israelis hit pars gas field, the Iranians went really really hard against
several different facilities in the region which has a tremendously negative impact on the energy markets. And what does that do to Trump? It pushes up gas
prices, oil prices, food prices in the US. And that reduces the time Trump has
to try to find um uh some sort of a move that turns the tables on the Iranians.
That turns the tables on the Iranians. The lower he keeps these energy prices,
the more time he has because once the oil prices go up and food prices go up in the US, that's when the pressure from his own base starts to actually get
real. Right now, it is not that particularly intense. So he needs to keep oil prices down and as a result almost all of his escalatory options
actually reduces the time that he has to turn the tables. And last week I was talking to Jeremy and Ma about how on a military level there's you know some
serious kind of asymmetric warfare going on that works to the advantage of uh Iran and we can talk about that later if
if we have time. But it also feels like that's the case economically as well.
Chapter : ‘De facto Sanctions Relief’ for Iran
So, let me put up this post of yours from from yesterday. Uh, you said, "An energy in energy industry insider in Iran tells me the following, and it is
stunning. Before the war, Iran pro produced just shy of million barrels of oil per day and sold it at $per
barrel minus an $discount." What is What is the $discount, by the way, for people?
sThis discount the Iranians have to pay because they're sanctioned. So in order to sell the oil, they have to offer these discounts and you know most of
that is going to the Chinese and the Chinese are making money off of the sanctions because they get the same oil but at a discount and so the is the market price then
the knock you know the knockoff bucks because they're sanctioned.
So [snorts] then then you say today it produces million barrels a day and sells it at the market price of with
only atodiscount. you say and this does not include uh prochemical sales that not only have increased but are now being sold to a larger set of customers compared to before the war. Moreover,
Iran is receiving payments through new mechanisms that bypass the UAE which were set up after the June war. In essence, and this is really important to
understand, Trump and Israel's war has ended up delivering Iran de facto sanctions relief. This this means that Iran is all the less incentivized to end
the war unless the agreement provides Iran with formal uh sanctions relief. So who who saw this coming?
Anyone who was paying attention.
Although this part I have to say I did not see this because I I don't follow the the energy markets closely enough.
Obviously I have no insights into what type of a mechanisms the Iranians have put in place quietly in order to be able
to circumvent not only sanctions but now also the UAE. Mindful of the fact that the UAE is just such an open ally of Israel at this point. By the way, I I got one thing wrong in those tweets,
although the context makes it clear, of course, I'm talking about exports, not production. The production is much higher. It's the exports. Uh, and just as a point of comparison,
exports is what matters because that's what you can is what matters. Exactly. And, uh, one point of comparison is that the Trump administration during the first term was
hoping to push down their sales or their exports to about to hoping that at that point that would cause the Iranian economy to completely crash.
they are now at twice that essentially as a result of these uh of this war. So essentially the war has become a de
facto sanctions relief for the Iranians in a way that really I think has caught the administration offguard because the administration really had no
preparations even for the fact that they would close the straits but that they would close the straits in such a way that they don't close it for everyone.
They actually control the straits. They export more themselves. They allow other countries, India, Pakistan, China,
Russia to be able to get through while they're stopping everyone else unless they negotiate with Thran and come to some sort of an agreement.
Treat, I want to ask you about that a bit because uh the other night, James Mattis, the former defense secretary in the first Trump administration, gave an
address and he actually mentioned uh this issue of ending the war from a US perspective with Iran and control of the straits. uh he said that this would
basically mean that Iran won the war and he also said that there's not really good options in his view of what the US can do at this point. Uh obviously
what's on the table what people discuss at the moment is there's some sort of negotiation with Iran where Iran would at this point extract significant
concessions if the war ended this way or some sort of amphibious landing on southern Iran or capture of Car Island
or other these ideas that have been floated. There's some some troop deployments which ostensibly could be used for that. What would be the
implications of Iran ending the war in control of the straight of form moves in the manner you described both for its relationship with the broader world but
also the other Gulf countries and do you think that that's a realistic possible outcome at this stage? I I don't I think
the more realistic outcome is that the United States would end up negotiating with Iran and the negotiations would put
an end to the war, but it would also open up the straits. It would be very difficult for the United States to just leave this in the manner that it is.
Because again, if the Trump administration just declares victory right now, the Iranians are not going to open up the streets and they're going to
continue to shoot at Israel. They're not done with this war because they need this war to end in such a manner so that it doesn't restart. That means two
things. One, they want the cost to be as high as possible for the United States and for Israel as well as for a lot of other countries to make sure that
everyone concludes this war was a mistake. It should never have been started and as a result it should never be restarted and that you know the end of the war does not end up becoming a
ceasefire that the US and Israel uses just to regroup, rearm and then relaunch the war. that is completely unacceptable
to the Iranians because frankly they can't survive if there's going to be a mowing of the lawn every six or eight months. They can't handle that. Um the
other thing that it means though is that they're not going to agree to ending the war unless they get some form of sanctions relief.
And this is not just because they have leverage. They do have leverage now and they're not going to give it up easily,
but it's also because of the first point. If they end up back in the previous status quo, not only are they
degraded, even though they've managed to establish some deterrence, nevertheless,
the the military, the country as a whole has taken a huge beating in this war.
There should be no doubt about that. But they're also then in a position in which their likelihood of getting some sanctions relief is even less. And as a
result, Iran will be in a state of continuous weakening. from their standpoint, and I think they're correct in this, if they get weaker, all that
does, it ensures that the US and Israel will strike again because it's precisely the perception of Iranian weakness that
led to this idea that there's an window of opportunity to attack Iran. So, they absolutely need that sanctions relief as
part of their deterrence against future attacks. So, I think there's going to have to end up being some form of a negotiation. I find it interesting that
the administration already even officially has lifted sanctions uh by lifting the sanctions on the oil that is
on the water because again the US is in greater need than anyone else of pushing down these old prices. So I think we're
salready kind of open up the door uh entering the territory of sanctions relief as part of ending this war. Will
it be difficult? Absolutely. It will not be easy. But the comparison that we have to keep in mind is that either you lift
some sanctions, you end this war or you continue this war. And if this war continues much further and we get [clears throat] to a point in which
Trump no longer can credibly declare victory to his own audience, all that means is that he no longer has the incentive to end the war because he
can't declare victory. So he's just going to continue go along with this and this will end up some sort of a lower intensity forever war which was be will
be the exact thing that will destroy his presidency and define his presidency.
Yeah, I want to ask you about that point because maybe it's my maybe it's a lack of imagination that I have from living
here in the United States. But it's very hard for me to envision a scenario in which Trump exits this war declaring
victory in such a way where the humiliation is just obvious and on the surface which would be for instance if
you know Iran retains control of the straight of Hormuz with sanctions lifted like even Trump's gift for propaganda
and public relations can't make that look like a victory. So what what is a
world in which Trump clearly loses it because it looks like he's either going into a forever war that destroys his
presidency and maybe the United States empire or he exits this in a humiliating fashion. What is the way to that you
could see that to exit this in a humiliating fashion that is on the surface less obviously humiliating?
So I I I think I may differ with you a little bit, Ryan. I I I have greater faith in that talent that you mentioned in his way of uh saying he can do it. [clears throat] Yeah.
Yeah. Yeah. Let me put it. I mean, we did a poll last week with the American Conservative and it showed that % of his um voters and we only pulled his own
voters would support him just ending the war and declaring victory. I think there's still another week, two weeks,
perhaps three weeks in which he has the ability of being able to declare a victory and his base will believe it,
which is what matters to him more than anything else. Right. Right.
Um and he can point to things. They definitely degraded the Iranian military. They definitely have destroyed a tremendous amount of things inside of
Iran. He can point to whatever number of people within the regime that they have killed.
um uh he can point to the fact that as part of the deal the Iranians will reopen the straits and he will make a big deal out of that even though of
course the straight was open before the war started. It only got closed because he started the war. Um and they will probably get something on the nuclear
front as well. It's probably not going to be as good as the offer they had in Geneva when Trump rejected it, but he'll probably get something on that front. So
I still think he has that ability to be able to point to a couple of things.
this goes on a couple of more weeks, I fear that he will lose that ability. And once he's lost that ability, then his incentive structures are completely
different. This is part of the reason I worry that the Iranians are going to overplay their hands. That they're going to take this too far to a point in which
Trump actually is not incentivized to end the war any longer because he can't declare a victory, not even to his own base. And I think that would be a huge
missed opportunity because then this very well may end up becoming um a lose-lose forever type of a military engagement.
Chapter : Iran’s Relationship w/ Gulf Arab States
You treat over the weekend there were some statements by Emirati officials which were very kind of pointed towards Iran uh I think referring to Iran as a
terrorist state and uh implying that the end goal of the war should be regime change. And there was also a Wall Street Journal story uh yesterday anonymously
sourced but uh suggesting that some of the Gulf Arab states may be on the verge of actually engaging in direct military
confrontation with Iran in retaliation for Iranian strikes on US military bases on their territory and so forth. Uh it's not clear if that's actually going to
come to pass, but something which there's been increasing discussion of.
How do you see this war changing the relationship between Iran and the Gulf Arab states? Because especially with the Emirati statement coming in public and
sort of being so aggressive, it seems like it's almost crossed the precipice that uh you know inevitably there will be a hostile relationship in the future
will be very challenging given how close they are and the size disparity. But what do you make of these developments visav the GCC states in Iran?
So look, a lot of the GCC states are very very angry at Iran and frankly understandably so. The Iranians struck
them very hard at the very opening phase of this war. I think most people expected that the Iranians would strike US bases in perhaps Abu Dhabi, perhaps
in Bahrain, not in all of them and certainly not uh Oman, although Oman has not received that much of an attack from the Iranians, but still has had some. Uh
so I I think there's an understandable anger on that side. there's more and more evidence that US bases actually have been used to a certain extent uh
[clears throat] in those territories against Iran. Now whether that came after the Iranians attacked or if it came from the outset is not clear to me
if it ended up coming more and more after the Iranians attacked and the Iranians have actually caused a self-fulfilling prophecy and actually pushing these countries in that
direction. I think the Iranians you know they did this because this was all existential for them from the outset. Um
and as a result all type of constraints were more or less lifted. Um it doesn't mean that there not some constraints
left. So for instance um if the Saudis enter the war I can see a scenario in which uh the Houthis will then enter the
war as well and that the reason why the Houthis have been kept out is as a leverage against the Saudis going back in. It will be a very very difficult
position uh for the the Saudis at that point. um if these Israelis or the American side strike at other
infrastructure critical infrastructure desalination for instance or these power grids there's a likelihood that the Iranians will strike it in those uh GCC
countries and they're far far more sensitive to this than the Iranians are both the power grids as well as the
desalination is um uh more vulnerable in those states even in Israel itself is actually that the power um infrastructure is more sensitive so
there's still a lot of extremely dangerous escalatory moves that both sides can make. And this is part of the reason I said going back to what I said
at the outset, Trump doesn't have any great escalatory options because whatever he does, the Iranians can do something that in many ways will be even more devastating. But at the end of it,
where will the GCC and Iran be? I think it will be very very tough for them.
You know, the there had been a warm-up in the relations. Uh that's probably going to be largely wiped out. There's going to be a split within the GCC. some
of the states are going to be of the view that at the end of the day geography is permanent. The US is going to leave the region. We have to find a
way to make some sort of a functioning relationship with Iran. Uh and we need to do one that has far more interdependence than the previous one
did because at the end of the day the vast majority of the investment by the GCC was actually in the containment of Iran through the United States rather
than in engagement. uh just look at the trade for instance or the fact that there was no investments coming from u the GCC states into Iran uh despite the
sound Iranian um normalization for instance but there will be others who at this point will just go you know and and uh invest even further in the American
security basket uh and hope that they can just uh balance Iran they're talking about turning themselves into the next Taiwan or the next South Korea. So I I
think at the end of the day the Iranians also have to be very careful. They have to look for some sort of a stable order after this that is acceptable to them,
acceptable to the GCC and acceptable to the United States. Otherwise, yes, they may have scored some significant points in this war, but the post-war situation
is going to be disastrous for them in many different ways. And treat a last question because I know you've got to run, but what are you hearing from
people inside Iran about the nature of the attack from Israel and the United States on uh Iranian both military and
civilian infrastructure? You know, what is what is taking the most uh punishment and and h how much do we know? Um and
what can we know about, you know, how hard they're getting hit there?
Yeah, look, they're getting hit very very hard. At the same time, Tehran is a massive city.
Um, so you can be in a part of Tehran and and not see any signs of that war except the sounds of course. Um, um,
whereas you can also be in other parts and you know, a friend of mine just told me that um there was an assassination
against a scientist in the building next to where his father lives. So, you know,
it's also very personal for a lot of people because it's really striking them very hard. One person I spoke to yesterday said that people are starting
to come to terms with the idea that this is going to be a long war. Earlier on there seemed to have been a bit of an hope at least an expectation that this
could come to a an end in a relatively quick fashion. But now the you know there tends to be a tendency in which
people are expecting this to actually go on for quite some time. This is part of the reason why a lot of people have gone back to Thran. A lot of people left despite the continuation of the war.
they're going back in because they expect this to be a long war and they're not going to be able to just be outside of uh their city, you know, do not be
able to work etc. for a long period of time.
Right. Well, treat Parsey uh analyst with the responsible institute for statecraftraft and also uh has his own substack now. Everybody sign up. Uh Tria
Parsy um thank you so much for Thank you so much for having me. Really appreciate it. Thanks, Tina.
[clears throat]
All right, that was uh Dr. Treata Parsy.
Again, check him out on Substack. Uh he's he often gets out there on Twitter,
but you know, who knows if uh how long that's going to last and whether whether you're going to be able to catch him there. So, if you wanted his stuff directly in your inbox, I highly highly
recommend going finding that Substack and um signing up for it. Um in in a in a little bit after we talk about um
Cuba, uh Sharif Abdal Kadus is going to uh join us to talk about um the
legendary reporter Hosam Shabbat um who was you know assassinated uh one one year ago today. Um and so I hope people
will um stick around for for that uh that remembrance and and that that honoring of him. Um but yeah, Muzz, uh
Chapter : Is Regime Change in Cuba Next?
once once uh Trump is done with Iran, or maybe he won't even wait until he's done with Iran. Um he's already talking about
regime change over in Cuba. You know, he he he said recently that he said, you know, I'm really on a roll. Venezuela,
Iran, Cuba, he's going to have the honor of doing Cuba. I was uh there from
Friday through uh Monday morning taking a look at um what the conditions are like on the ground there. I was able to
um get access to two two separate hospitals and we can we can talk about that in a moment. Um but the the the
conditions everywhere have are just deteriorating quite rapidly. People who had been there as recently as December
and January said that the said that it was noticeable, you know, how how rapidly things are things are collapsing there. And people who had been going there for many years had said, you know,
there, you know, obviously there's always been a struggle. Well, there's always been poverty, but the the depth of the hunger and despair and seeing
homeless people on the street uh was was something new kind of to the Cuban system since the US has gone now nearly
months and blocking the government um from importing oil. Uh meanwhile, and I I'll I'll throw this I'll throw this up.
Um it was amazing to come back and see what the American coverage of the trip had been. I see this. Here's uh from
Barry Weiss is the free press. Um Cuba's useless idiots. Viral content creators like Hassan and Ryan Grim were invited for a weekend in a blacked out
Cuba so they could preach the glories of La Revolion.
Um content creator. I suppose that's accurate. We're making content right
here, right, M? I mean, never really thought of myself as a viral content creator, but um
yeah, you know, the coverage that we've seen it it's kind of incredible in a way. Um you know, there's this horrifying blockade happening. Uh people
are dying. Yeah. And they it's being reduced to this sort of uh media culture war
issue. uh settling scores with no actual or very limited curiosity or interest in what's actually happening in Cuba uh as
a result of US policy specifically aimed at inflicting harm on the civilian population of Cuba to engender a collapse of the government and
potentially leading as a similar sanctions policy did in Iran uh to a military confrontation uh with Cuba
should they noted to US demands. So you actually went there and saw what was happening in the actual country that people are using as this uh sort of
symbol for you know something very trivial. Can you talk a bit about what you actually saw there? Because there's these blackouts. We've heard reports of uh food shortages, medical shortages.
What was actually taking place in Cuba from what you saw?
And so it's been since roughly the Venezuelan invasion that the US has blocked all oil from getting into Cuba
except it has in February it allowed private businesses to start importing um some some oil. The health system of
course famously is is government-run. Uh so that means that the the health system is unable to import oil. We blocked Russian tankers from getting there.
We've we've um put pressure on Mexico uh to stop them from sending oil to the island and of course we effectively took
over Venezuela and made sure that none of that oil um was getting in either.
Now the Cuba is up now to um because of the Chinese have been um helping with the development of um solar energy and I
interviewed uh one of the professors who kind of o has is overseeing the transition from fossil fuels uh to
renewable energy. She said you know they're up to you know significantly over % of electricity coming from solar power uh at this point and and growing rapidly. one of the, you know,
they were stalled for a long time, but they've had a kind of a breakout over the last couple of years and just in time. Um, because if they did not have
this solar to fall back on, I think the dystopian situation that we saw would be, you know, even that much worse. But
so on on Friday night there about a week ago, there had been a complete nationwide blackout and people would say, well, country, you know, million
Chapter : Blackouts in Cuba
plunged into darkness. It's actually people are saying closer to million now um because of the immense amount of kind of economic pressure being put on
the island and the Cuban government allows people to leave now where for a long very long time you had to kind of
sneak out. Um now if people want to uh expatriate they can you know they can do so and they're going to Paraguay and Uruguay and Brazil and Argentina, Chile,
Costa Rica and to to the United States.
Um and so they it took them about hours and they had the about a week ago and they brought power back. Then on
Friday night there was uh partial blackouts where you know most of Havana uh lost power and I was walking around
uh the city with uh uh Liz Oliva Her Fernandez a reporter for uh US news organization Belly of the Beast. She's
Cuban based in Cuba. uh and and we walked past several hospitals which maintained their power as well as the
homes that were surrounding the hospital compounds and in Cuba because they're so you know serious about their health care system it's often times it's not just a
hospital it's a hospital plus a compound around it uh because they have the more of a holistic kind of approach to health care and she she was saying that the
people who live right next to hospitals now have found themselves in U quite privileged position because
they're protected in the event of of blackouts. People didn't know, you know,
when when they're moving next to a hospital that things would get so bad that this would actually end up being a privileged position. But if you have a
family member or you or you yourself live right next to a hospital, you keep power. So people will then go to their homes if they need to charge their
phones or charge their, you know, they if if they need access um to energy.
That's in the event of a partial blackout. In the event of a complete total grid collapse, then the then nothing can nothing can be protected by
the grid. The grid is designed to to um protect hospitals and hotels, but hospitals first and then hotels second
as the last resort. So, um but but if the entire grid goes down, then generators kick in. And so, and I'll
play this video in a moment. We at the uh we went to on Sunday. So on so Saturday night there's a complete and total blackout at around at night.
The entire country of Cuba. All p all power goes out. Uh it it started kicking back in. Uh it's I just saw a news alert
that it's now back like for the whole island which is impressive like that it know this is you know a complete and
total collapse. Takes a while to to get back but first they turn it back on for the hospitals. So it went out at
Um, I went with a couple of other journalists to um, William Solair Pediatric Hospital in Havana on Sunday
morning and at around a.m. power power kicked back on for them. In between that, they had their uh, they
had their generator running and so they were out for almost uh, they they said it was around hours. Um, and they
knew they had at least hours of generator capacity, but they weren't sure how much beyond that. And as they get lower, then they reach out to the
the ministry uh you know of energy and minds to say look we're we're getting desperately low you know and and the
government prioritizes refilling the the hospital generators but crucially the nurses and doctors have told us there's
Chapter : How Cuban Hospitals Cope
a there's a time between when the power goes down from the grid and the generator kicks in
that can be anywhere from a couple of s to four, five, six, seven uh there you you you never you never exactly know how long it's going to take to completely power back up that moment.
one one doctor Ali Fernandez who will be in the video that I showed he said that moment causes like he's going to be the one that needs treatment because of the
heart attack that he keeps getting when that happens because you have people in various states of you know critical need
of medical attention some of them on ventilators and that if if it's four or five s
between the grid going down and the generator kicking in that can be the difference between life and death for somebody who's on a ventilator. And so
the and the he and the nurses were describing this like foot race like you see the power go out. You you know you
instantly turn on your your cell phone light and then you and then and you sprint to the ventilators uh open up the side compartment and let me put this up.
Uh and then you start hand pumping uh until until the power comes on. It's
it's it's tricky because you know, the the measure the measurement um the measurements have
also gone down. And so, you know, you're talking about a baby that's just a few pounds. Uh and you're and you have to try to calibrate while you're, you know,
under this enormous amount of stress,
you know, how much you're how much to pump. You you don't want to pump too much. You don't want to pump too little. So, here's here's one of the babies.
This is a This is a little boy named uh Eric who's only uh a few months old. Um and this is uh this is Dr. Fernandez and
he's he's describing he's showing us so you kind of lift up the side of the the ventilator there and he's pointing
there to the to the hand pump which which you can see. But you'd have to have know your phone out in one hand so
that you or or your colleague has a phone out shining the light on it so you make sure you find the hand pump. You
also of course want to keep keep a light that's that's Liz Olivo right there. You also of course want to keep a light on
the on the baby as well to make make sure that they're um doing okay. Um, we
also met um a a a nine-year-old who um has brain hemorrhaging and his mother was there with him all night. Uh, she
described um uh she described the situation as less stressful because she had seen the
nurses do it the week before and she knew how competent they were. And also that boy's ventilator luckily um has a
battery. Now the the the monitor that was connected to it did not have a battery. So that went down, but the ventilators kept going because the the
battery uh worked. Um Eric's ventilator there does not have a working battery.
Most of these ventilators are more than years old because of the embargo and because of the inability of the uh
government to be able to import kind of new medical devices. most of what they have is um you know donated stuff that was going to get trashed by a hospital
somewhere else in the world or is a remnant of when there were you know moments of liberalization between the US
and Cuba where they would allow some some devices um to get through. Um I see that I see Sharief is in the waiting room. We can uh uh we can invite him in.
Don't want to make him just hang out in in the back there. But so yeah, I'm as you as you're you as you were uh
watching your you're thinking about that and what what do you think people are still curious about from from like what I saw there?
You know, and I want to be quick so let Sharief get to the very important next topic. But uh very quickly, you know,
from what you saw in Cuba and your discussions you've had and so forth, they're under this tremendous pressure.
What is what the prospects for what what is this developing towards? Is there a prospect of an agreement that would end the blockade and result in some sort of
normalization of ties with the US and Cuba? Is the Cuban government planning to resist? Is there a prospect of resisting and so forth? How do you
foresee this playing out? Because several months into this absolutely crushing blockade.
Uh what how how might this end? You know, I frankly don't know how they would resist if they sent in Delta Force
Chapter : What’s Next for Cuba?
and helicopters and, you know, the the full might of the American military. They have said that they will resist.
They've said that, you know, we have a history of. Now, I think o over time I think it it would be very difficult for the US to, you know, occupy in an old
school kind of fashion Cuba. Um but I think that you know in the initial stages um I don't know I don't know how
they could put up you know a significant fight against such completely mismatched military also people there are are very
very frustrated at at the government as well and also if you like if if you're there like and and c and Cubans for
across the board seem to like very much intellectually understand that the US blocking oil from getting in is the you
know playing the lead role in the complete deterioration over the past several months and the US blockade over decades plays a role. But like anybody,
you know, the government is the one that is closest to them and you're going to take out a lot of your anger at the at
the government um itself. And so I can't imag like it'd be very difficult for them to marshall I think you know massive resistance to a US invasion. Um,
but what that would look like over time, I think, you know, is is is hard to say.
I don't see how the US, you know, does a long-term occupation. But where this goes is anybody's guess because if you
what we saw was dystopian, but not stable either. I deterior deteriorating like I think we're what we saw is on the
downward slope like and it can get it can get significantly worse. Uh you know if if people are you know are accurately
describing how things have gotten so much worse from just from December January to now March if they continue to
stop allowing oil in and there's no energy around the island. There's no telling, you know, how how um how how how how much worse things can get.
It's just no, it's just no way to live.
Like they can't they don't have the they don't have the fuel to pick up the trash. They can't keep they can't keep the lights on. Um they can barely keep
the hospitals powered. like that it's it's difficult to like and what can you do out you know what can you even do in
that in that case um know that would that'll take the what remains of the tourism industry which the US has um has
punished you know in a in a in a big way basically make it made it very difficult for Americans to go over and do tourism but what they did is they they
implemented a rule that says if Europeans go to Cuba they lose the visa-free travel that they have from
Europe to the United States. So, putting this really high cost because if you're a European who would be vacationing in Cuba, you're probably
also the kind of European that likes to vacation in the United States as well.
And so they made it not impossible, but like if you're a European in that situation, you're like, well, I guess I'll just go to Aruba or some, you know,
somewhere else where because it's a real pain for a European to lose their visa-free travel status um to the United States. So they've, you know, they
they've cut out um cut the legs out from under the the key sources of of currency, which are, you know, tourism,
oil. oil was coming in and they would sell some they use a lot of that sell a lot of that abroad to uh enhance foreign
currency and also um the doctor pro doctor's programs around the world. The US has put a lot of pressure on
countries to kick Cuban doctors out um and send and send them back um that was also a source of some currency as well.
So there's basically nothing there. Uh,
and so there's no there's no obvious like opposition. There's no opposition party.
There's no opposition movement. Um, all the opponents are in Miami. Um, so it's not as if there's going to be kind of some organized,
you know, Cubanled regime change on the island. Um, but does the government just collapse?
What? Like that doesn't make sense either. like somebody has to be [snorts]
the one who's going to make the call of like, oh, this hospital needs gas for their generator or we're going to send
engineers to this part to try to get the grid up. Like what? It's unclear what the incentive would be to like topple that for regular Cubans at this point.
So, it it's really a total mystery what you know where this where this goes.
This is unsustainable. like this is going to lead to um death and and uh and
despair on you know on a mass scale if it's allowed to continue even even for a
few more weeks let alone kind of months and god knows years like the Cubans I was talking to were saying this you your guy has three years left
we can't make three years like we don't have we don't have three years of this yeah it's unbelievable it's unbelievable Yeah.
Should we bring Sharif on?
Yeah. So, Sharief um yeah, let's let's bring Sharief back in. Um thank you uh you know so much for taking um some time
to do this. Uh you know, we wanted to take a moment to honor the the life and work of of Hassam Shabbat. Um uh is is
there you and I would encourage everybody to you know go to drop site and read um read the piece that we have
up up there today. Uh how how would you like to start? Um yeah, I just want to remember him.
You know, he was Hamm Shabet was um assassinated one year ago today um in Beta as he was driving in his car. Uh a
Chapter : Remembering Hossam Shabbat w/ Sharif Abdel Kouddous
drone strike targeted him. Um his legs were were blown off his body and he was
killed. um and he was uh repeatedly targeted and repeatedly threatened by
the Israeli military. They basically uh said that they were going to kill him and they did. Uh and the day the next
day after his assassination uh they posted online bragging uh about
his killing and saying don't let the press vest fool you. Hussein was a terrorist. Um, and so this was the level
of impunity that Israel enjoyed in murdering journalists in Gaza because they paid absolutely no price uh for uh
you know now it's over journalists killed and so they're able to uh not only preemptively uh basically say that they're going to kill this journalist
but kill him and then brag about it. Um but Husse was you know a very well-known face in in Kaza. He was a correspondent
for Al Jazer Moves and uh starting in November of he was a contributor
for Dropsite News. Uh contacted him and he was very excited uh to um begin writing for for Dropsite. He said, "I
have so many ideas and stories." Um he was a one of a handful of journalists uh in Gaza that never left the north uh
throughout um the entire genocide. Uh if you remember, one week after the genocide began in October th, um
there was a decree by Israel for all of the million people in the north to flee to the south. Uh and many many people did uh and many journalists did,
but people like Husam Shabet Sharif Abdul Khad Sabah who still is a contributor for dropite news never left
the north. And this was where there was a really um scorched earth killing campaign by Israel. Um and along with
that um journalists were being increasingly targeted and there was um something called the general's plan in
the fall of which was a very brutal uh ethnic cleansing campaign in the very
north of Gaza in Baha and Bhanun and Jabalia. Um and there was only a few journalists there covering it. Hus one
of them. And it was at this time that Israel uh for the first time put six journalists all of them uh with Al
Jazzer uh essentially on a hit list um saying that they were terrorists that they were not journalists that they were
militants and basically saying that they were going to kill them. Um so this was the first time we saw I mean there was kind of a progression of the way the Israeli military would kill journalists.
I mean, we're watching video now. That's Husse with Anastas Sharif, his good friend Sharif, very prominent Al Jazzer correspondent who was killed on August
th um along with five other journalists uh in a strike on Gaza City as they were in a media tent. Um but um
you know in the beginning we saw kind of Israel they would kill a journalist they would either say it wasn't them or they would say it was a mistake that this was
part of collateral damage uh that it wasn't deliberate uh increasingly as we saw that there was uh
no accountability and um the US and and other western backers were allowing this to happen and pretty bad uh coverage by
legacy media of the killing of their colleagues colleagues in Palestine. We saw them then for example say that after the journalist was killed, they would
say that this wasn't a journalist, this was a militant. Um we saw this in the case of Isl
who was killed in August of in an air strike that decapitated him. Um
afterwards the Israeli military said he had received a military ranking from Hames uh I believe in something like that. Mhm.
Um is my was years old at the time.
I mean that's those are the kinds of statements that they're giving.
Um then they then they kind of progressed to this you know basically creating a hit list and so they put these six journalists on the hit list.
Ham was one of them and at the time Hussein said he felt like he was being hunted. Um you know
and Husse of course like all the other journalists was suffering all the things of the people he was covering. Um he was displaced. He told me he was displaced
times. He was exhausted. Uh he was very hungry. He didn't have enough food.
Um he hadn't seen his family. He was the only one of member of his family who stayed in the north. He hadn't seen his family for over days before the the
January ceasefire in the first or the second ceasefire.
Um and he was injured in an Israeli air strike. and he was repeatedly called on his phone by Israeli military officials
threatening him, telling him to go south and he would not go south. He kept telling them, "I'm going to continue reporting." And he did so. Um, and then
yeah, on the on [clears throat] uh March uh rd,
well, it was th for him. It was it was nighttime uh New York time. uh he was messaging with me. Um we had agreed he
would file a story about uh the bombing campaign that had hit uh Bet Hanun a
week earlier after Israel abandoned the ceasefire and resumed its kind of scorched earth genocidal campaign. And so he was writing to me. He said,
"Hhabibi, I miss you. We hadn't messaged in a while." And he sent his uh his
article. Um, you know, I looked it over very quickly and he said, "When's it going up?" He was always very eager to get things published. And I said, "Uh, I need to translate it. I need to edit it.
You know, please just give me some time. I need to go to sleep." And he's joking.
He's like, "I'm going to post it online on Twitter." I said, "Come on, just leave some for drop sites." And he said,
"I'm just kidding with you. I'll put it up." And he was always kind of maintaining this warm and funny attitude despite all of the uh deaths around him.
And uh I sent him a couple of questions that evening. He answered one. Um and then I went to bed and I woke up and
messaged him again and I didn't know that he had been killed. um you know and uh
just um yeah it was very you know obviously shocking and thinking that you know the phone is going off on in on on
his phone in you know maybe the pocket of his legs that aren't attached to his body anymore. Um but then you know hours
later uh I get a message from the same number uh on my WhatsApp.
Uh and it was very shocking to see that alert come up but it said you know Allah may go have mercy on him or mercy on his
soul. Uh and I said Allah who is this and it was his brother Wasam who had taken [clears throat] his phone and seen that we had just exchanged messages. Um,
Wasam is also a journalist and I just want to read what he posted today um on online in a social media post. He said,
"Today marks the anniversary of the martyrdom of my brother, the journalist Hassam Shabbet. He always stood in the face of the enemy with his camera and his free voice, fearing none but God,
bearing witness to the truth until his very last moment." My brother, I lost you before my eyes and I was helpless,
unable to do anything. That moment still lives with me every single day. You were martyed for the sake of truth because
you spoke what had to be said and revealed what they tried to hide. The occupation does not accept the voice of
truth, but it can never silence it. Your words will remain alive and your voice will stay with us. It will never die. May God have mercy on you, my brother,
and grant you the highest place in paradise. You are a hero and you always will be. And those are the words of his brother. And um yeah, we uh you know,
Hassam, like many journalists in Gaza,
um which is almost, you know, kind of very difficult to comprehend, kind of knew that he was going to be killed almost. I mean, he's being openly
threatened. Um and this is not an enemy that you can see. This is just going to be an air strike. And so, can you imagine there's air strikes falling all
around. You don't know which one is coming for you. and to somehow maintain um the strength and the ability to continue to report every day is really incomprehensible.
Chapter : Hossam’s Last Letter
Um but like other journalists he wrote a letter uh to be published in the event of his death. Um and Sharif did this as
well and uh you know it's a very moving letter and I encourage everyone to read it. Um, at the end, his last words of the letter, well, he begins by saying,
"If you're reading this, it means I've been killed, most likely targeted by the Israeli occupation forces." And then he ends with these words. I ask you now, do
not do not stop speaking about Gaza. Do not let the world look away. Keep fighting. Keep telling our stories until Palestine is free.
And so I think it's up to all of us to not let the world look away and not let the world forget Husse
can you talk a little bit about um his his dreams for the for the rest of his life. this was a very young man. Um,
despite his his prominence, the the talent and the grace, you know, he he may have kind of given off the
impression of somebody older and more and, you know, long longer um into his career than than he truly was.
Can you talk a little bit about what he saw for himself um if he had managed to
escape the Israeli assassination attempts?
You know, we we we didn't speak that much about um life after genocide uh
because it was so overwhelming and we're just trying to I think cope with what's happening. Um he he was very young. So
Chapter : Palestinian War Correspondents
was Anastas Sharif. You know, Anis Sharif who had not been a correspondent before. [clears throat] Uh he would he was a producer and he did a couple of
like kind of live shots but unlike Abu Bakr Abad, another drop site contributor. He was a sports journalist.
Um other journalists were like wedding photographers uh like MZ. So you know Mo, sorry. So a lot of these journalists
um were forced to become these war correspondents. Um, Fam had some experience but not much. But he very
quickly emerged as a very clear um he he had a gift. He had a gift of of of reporting online, reporting on camera.
He was just so incredibly brave. um to just kind of every single day uh report,
be on the front line, uh speak with people, and to be able to um continue doing this in the face of such violence
and such death. Uh and to bury so many of your colleagues uh along the way. Um
I knew he loved journalism. Uh he was very excited about it. he um
was excited about the difference between print and you know and TV journalism and uh I would often you know there's always a seesaw back and forth between an
editor and and a jour and a reporter on the ground and so I'm asking him questions and I'm following up and he's asking me why am I asking these questions and I'm explaining things and
double sourcing and and he was kind of very eager to to to learn um um and always very eager to publish do. Um,
but you know, at some point there was an airirst strike in December uh of that killed five journalists
uh I think uh in northern Gaza and I messaged him just to check in on him and you know he he messaged back he said uh
I've come to hate this job um the world doesn't care about us. I forgot the exact quote, but he basically said um
you know we all now just call each other martyrs and saying who's going to be next and it doesn't seem like anyone cares.
So I think he rightly felt that he had they had been abandoned by the world uh because this kept happening and it was
being bragged about and openly talked about by Israel and it just wasn't stopping. um and he's ultimately
assassinated himself. And I think it's shameful uh the way that you know a lot of legacy media covered these these
killings. Uh the New York Times in the coverage of Hussein, it was buried in a larger article and you know some sub
paragraph just to mention um but you know this is a an established journalist who is openly assassinated.
It's pretty it's a pretty big should be a pretty big story.
Um and we saw the same also with the the killing of Anes Sharif who was probably the most well-known face at that point
and one of her even he was part of a willing team for Reuters because he took a photograph of
this massive double air strike in Jabalia. Um, and part of the submission was his photo and the way Reuters
covered his assassination, also an assassination where Israel admitted it the next day and said, you know, I think they may have used exactly the same term, don't let the press best fool you.
Um, they frontloaded the Israeli claims of him being some Hames commander um, in
the headline and in the lead. Um, really really disappointing. Really disappointing. And
just abandoning really I think uh these journalists. This is not the way they we know that you know the these legacy
media outlets can can be outraged uh and we've we saw it in their outrage over the unjust jailing of Wall Street
Journal reporter Evan Gerskovich um by Russia.
And you know, a lot of journalists and a lot of the headlines, if you go back and read them, will say unequivocally, you know, these are trumped up charges of spying that he's imprisoned on. There's no equivocation whatsoever.
Um, and it's good journalism actually covering their colleague. But when it comes to these Palestinian journalists in Gaza,
uh, no, the Israeli military's claims which are not substantiated by any press watchdog group or by the UN or by
credible or even if you look at the claims, they're ridiculous.
um they're [snorts] given they're given that kind of weight. They're like well says this and Al Jazer you know their
employer says this and and it kind of gives does that he said she said thing.
So that also I would say enabled this killing to continue because there's no
uh cost paid by your western backers but there's also no um and part of that reason is because the coverage is
allowing for that to continue um as well. There's no cost paid either in kind of like reputation,
right? Um, so, so yes, I you know, and uh I can't believe it's already been a year and journalists continue to be
killed. I think the last uh there was journalist killed just last week in Gaza or maybe two weeks ago and so this continues to happen.
Um I would just yeah finally say just uh we've compiled uh Hamm's articles on drop sites just on a page uh today and
people can go check them out and uh read his his his reports and I encourage everyone to do that.
Yeah, thanks thanks so much Sharief. You know we we really appreciate this. Thank you.
All right. All right. That was uh Sharifa Abdel Kadus uh my colleague Martaza Hussein. Uh I'm I'm Ryan Grim.
Chapter : Closing: Ryan
On behalf of all of my uh colleagues here, thank you so much for joining us today on our Tuesday morning live stream.
