by admin » Thu Mar 29, 2018 7:39 am
Part 1 of 3
INDEX
Aás, Asu, see Alans. Abacan, a Tartar general. Ábah, see Ávah. Abaji, Kúblái's son. Abáka (Abaga), Khan of Persia. Abano, Pietro of, his notice of Polo. Abash (Habsh), see Abyssinia. Abba Gregory. Abbás, Sháh. Abbott, Consul Keith E.. Abdul Kuri islands. —— Mejid. Abeskun (Baxon), on the Caspian. Abher. Abkashian forests, boxwood of the. Abnús, ebony. Abraha, ruler of Yemen. Abraiaman, see Brahmans. Abubakr, Atabeg of Fars. —— Ibrahim, and Mahomed, engineers employed by Kúblái. Abu'l Abbas Ahmed VII., Khalif of Baghdad. —— Fázl Abulfeda, his geography; at the siege of Acre. Abulfiez Khan, king of Bokhara. Abu Nasr Mohammed IX., Khalif of Baghdad. —— Saïd. Abyssinia (Abash), its king's punishment of Soldan of Aden; dominion on the coast, mediaeval history and chronology; table of kings; wars with Mahomedan states. Acbalec Manzi, "White City of the Manzi frontier". Acbalec or Acbaluc (Cheng-ting fu). Accambale, king of Champa. Achar. Achin, Acheh, Achem, its gold and lign-aloes; conversion of; its great power at one time; elephants at. —— Head. Achmath, the Bailo, see Ahmad. Acomat Soldan (Ahmad Sultan), seizes throne of Tabriz; goes to encounter Argon; rejects his remonstrance; defeats and takes him; hears of Argon's escape, is taken and put to death; notes on the history. Acorn bread. Acqui, Friar Jacopo d', his notice of Polo. Acre, Broils at, between Venetians and Genoese; plan of; captured by Saracens; wickedness of; Polos at. Adam, Bishop and Pope of China. —— Seth, and the Tree of Life, legend of. Adamodana, Castle of. Adam's Apple. —— sepulchre on mountain (Adam's Peak) in Ceylon, rubies; his teeth, hair, etc.; the footmark. Adel, apparently confused with Aden. Aden, Horse and other Trade with India, Soldan's treatment of a bishop; Vengeance of King of Abyssinia on him; confused with Adel; account of Kingdom; the Sultan; intercourse and trade with China, tanks; view of. Adoration of the Emperor. Adulis, inscription of. Aegae, Ayas on the site of ancient. Aepyornis and its eggs. Aëtius, his prescription of musk, of camphor. Afghans, their use of the fat-tailed sheep. Africa, Sea surrounding to the South. Agassiz, Professor. Agathocles, Coins of. [Greek: Agathoû daímonos], island. Agha Ali Sháh, present representative of the Old Man of the Mountain. —— Khan Meheláti, late representative of the Old Man. Aghrukji or Ukuruji, Kúblái's son. Agricola, Governor of Cappadocia, etc. Aguil, Mongol general. Ahmad (Achmath), the Bailo, of Fenaket, his power, oppressions, death, etc. —— Sultan, Khan of Persia, see Acomat. Ahwaz, province. Aidhab. Aidhej, or Mal-Amir. Aijaruc, Kaidu's daughter, her strength and prowess; her name. Aikah Nowin, Engineer in Chief of Chinghiz. Ai-lao (afterwards Nan-chao), ancient name of the Shans. Aín Akbari (Ayeen Akbery). Ajmir. Akbar and Kúblái, a parallel. Ak Bulák salt mines. Akhaltziké (Western Georgia). Akhtuba River. Ak-khoja. Aksarai, or Ghori River. Aksu River. Aktár. Aktásh Valley. Alabastri. Alacou, see Hulákú. Aladja, striped cotton cloth. Alamút, Castle of the Ismailites. Alan country, Alania. Alans, or Aas, massacre at Chang-chau of, employed under Mongols. Alaone, the name. Alarm Tower, at Cambaluc, at Kinsay. Alatcha, cotton stuff with blue and red stripes. Alau, see Hulákú. Alá'uddin (Alaodin), see Old Man of the Mountain. —— (Alawating of Mufali), an engineer in Kúblái's service. —— Khilji, Sultan of Delhi. Albenigaras, Mt. Al Biruni. Alboquerque, see D'Alboquerque. Alchemy, Kúblái's. Aleppo. Alexander the Great, allusions to legends and romances about, his rampart (Iron Gate); the curtains at a banquet given by; and the ferrum candidum; site of his battle with Darius; his wife Roxana; kills a lion; Princes claiming descent from (Zulcarniain); his horse Bucephalus; fixes chains on Adam's Peak; said to have colonised Socotra; his tower on the border of Darkness. Alexander III., Pope. Alexander IV., Pope. Alexandria, trade from India to. Alhinde, Alfinde, Alinde, Al-hint. 'Ali and Aliites. Alidada. Alihaiya, Kúblái's general. Alinak. Alligator, in Carajan, mode of killing; eaten; prophecy of Bhartpúr about. Almalik. Almanacs, Chinese (Tacuin). Almonds. Aloes, Socotrine. —— wood, see Lign-aloes. Alor, war cry. Al-Ramni, Al-Ramin, see Sumatra. Altai (Altay) Mountains, the Khan's burial-place; used for the Khingan range. Altun-Khan, Mountain. —— sovereign. Amazons, fable of. Ambergris, how got. Amber-rosolli. Amda Zion, king of Abyssinia, his wars v. Mahomedans; not the king mentioned by Polo. Ament, Rev. W.S. Ameri, a kind of Brazil wood. Amhara. Amien, Mien (Burma). Amita Buddha. Ammianus Marcellinus. Amoy, harbour; languages. Amphora, Anfora. Amu, Aniu, see Anin. Amuki, devoted comrades of the king. Anamis (Minao) River. Ananda, Kúblái's grandson. Anár. Anaurahta, king of Burma. Ancestor Worship. Anchors, Wooden. Andaine, andena, andanicum, see Ondanique. Andaman (Angamanain) island, described; people; form of the word. Andan, andun, Wotiak for steel. Andragiri. Andreas, king of Abyssinia. Andrew, Bishop of Zayton. —— Grand Duke of Rostof and Susdal. Andromeda ovalifolia, poisonous. Angamanain, see Andaman. Angan, or Hamjám. 'Angka, gryphon, see Ruc. Angkor, ruins of. Ani in Armenia. Animal Patterns, see Patterns. Anin, province. Annals of the Indo-Chinese States. 'An-nam, or Tong-king. Anselmo, Friar. Anthropoides Virgo, the demoiselle. Antioch. Antongil Bay, Madagascar. Aotonomoff, Spasski, his ascent of Ararat. Apostoille, word used for Pope. Apples of Paradise (Konars). Apricots. 'Apuhota (Kapukada?). Apushka (Apusca), Tartar envoy from Persia. Arababni. Arab geography. —— colonies in Madagascar. —— horses, early literary recognition of. trade in, see Horses. —— merchants, in Southern India. —— Seamen's Traditions about Java. Arabi (Arabs). Arabia. Arabic character. Arachosía,arachoti. Araines. Arakan. Aram (Harám), Place of the. Ararat, Mount, ascents of. Arblasts, crossbows. Arbre Sol, or Arbre Sec, Region of the (Khorasan), tree described—Chínár or Oriental plane; various readings; Arbre seul, a wrong reading; Tree of the Sun legend; Christian legend of the Dry Tree; engrafted on legends of Alexander; Trees of Grace in Persia; Dry Trees in Mahomedan legend; in Rabbinical and Buddhist stories, and legends of the Wood of the Cross; Polo's Arbre Sec to be sought near Damghan; Sabaean apologue; clue to the term Arbre Sec. Arcali, Arculin, see Erculin. Architectural remains in Indo-China. Ardeshír Bábekán, first Sassanian king. Ardeshír, last sovereign of Shabánkára. Areca. Areng Saccharifera. Arezzo. Argaeus, Mount. Argali. Arghún, Khan of Persia (Polo's Argon, Lord of the Levant), sends an embassy to Kúblái for a wife; is dead when she arrives; his unhappy use of the elixir vitae; advances against his uncle Ahmad; harangues his chiefs; sends Ahmad a remonstrance; is taken prisoner; released by certain chiefs; obtains sovereignty; his death; his beauty. Argons (Arghún), half-breeds. Arii, Ariana. Arikbuga, Kúblái's brother. Arimaspia. Arimaspian gold. Ariora-Keshimur, meaning of Ariora. Ariosto. Aripo. Aristotle. Arjish (Arzizi). Arkasun Noian. Arkhaiun, applied to Oriental Christians or their Clergy. Armenia, Greater. Armenia (Hermenia), Lesser or Cilician. Armenian Christians. Armenians. Armillary Zodiacal Sphere. Armour of boiled leather, see Cuirbouly. Arms of Kerman, of the Tartars. Arredon River. Arrow Divination. Arrows, Tartar. Artacki. Arts, the Seven. Aru, Cumaha. Arucki. Aruk. Arulun Tsaghan Balghasun (Chagan-Nor). Arya Chakravarti. Aryavartta, the Holy Lands of Indian Buddhism. Arzinga (Erzingan). Arziron (Erzrum). Arzizi (Arjísh). Asbestos, and the Salamander. Asceticism of the Sensin, of the Jogis. Asedin Soldan (Ghaiassuddin Balban, Sultan of Delhi). Ashar (Asciar), king of Cail. Ashishin, see Assassins. Ashod, founder of the Bagratid dynasty. Ashurada. Asikan, Mongol general. Asoka. Asper, or akché about a groat. Assai River. Assassins (Ashishin, Hashíshin), Ismailites, how the Old Man trained them; murders by; their destruction; survival and recent circumstances of the sect. Asses, in Persia, in Mongolia; in Madagascar; in Abyssinia; in Far North. Asterius, Bishop of Amasia in Pontus. Astrakhan (Gittarchan). Astrolabe. Astrology, -ers, in Tangut, of Chinghiz; at Kúblái's Court; at Cambaluc; of Tibet; at Kinsay; in Maabar; in Coilum. Astronomical instruments, ancient Chinese. Atabegs, of Mosul, of Lúr; of Fars; of Yezd; of Kerman. Atjeh, see Achin. Atkinson's Narratives, and their credibility. Atlas, Chinese, in Magliabecchian Library. [Greek: Attagàs] (Black Partridge). Attalus, King. At-Thaibi family. Auberoche, Siege of. Audh (Oudh). Aufat, Ifat. Augury, see Omens. Aung Khan (Unc Can), see Prester John. Aurangzib. Aurora, Ibn Fozlán's account of. Aussa. 'Avah, Abah, Ava, one of the cities of the Magi. Avarian, epithet of S. Thomas. Avebury, Lord, on couvade. Avicenna's classification of Iron. Avigi, 'afçi (falco montanus). Axum, Inscription, Church of; Court of. Ayas (Layas, Aiazzo, etc.), port of Cilician Armenia, Sea fight at. Ayuthia. Azumiti. Azure, Ultramarine (lapis armenus) Mines in Badakhshan, in Tenduc; ore.
Baba Buzurg, worshipped by the Lurs. Baber, E. C, on Ch'êng-tú, on wild oxen of Tibet; Lolos; Gold River (Brius); the word Caindu; Talifu; Mekong River; Zardandan; site of battle between Kúblái and king of Mien; descent of Mien. Baboons, etymology Báb-ul-abwáh, "The Gate of Gates," Pass of Derbend. Babylon, Babylonia (Cairo or Egypt), Sultan of. Babylonish garments. Baccadeo, indigo. Baccanor. Bacon, Roger, as geographer. Bacsi, see Bakhshi. Bactria, its relation to Greece. Bacu, Sea of (Caspian). Badakhshan (Badashan), its population; capitals of; Mirs of; legend of Alexandrian pedigree of its kings; depopulation of; scenery; dialects; forms of the name; great river of (Upper Oxus). Badáún. Badger, Rev. Dr. G.P. Badghís. Badgír, Wind-catchers. Badruddín Lú-lú, last Atabeg of Mosul. Báfk (Báft). Baghdad (Baudas), Baldac, taken by Alau, Hulákú, its Khalif; the miracle of the mountain. —— Archbishop of. —— its indigo (baccadeo). Bagratidae, of Armenia, of Georgia. Bagration-Mukransky, Prince. Bahar. Bahárak, plain. Bahá-uddin Ayaz, Wazir of Kalháat. Bahá-ul-hakh, the Saint of Multán. Bahrámábád. Bahránjird Village. Bahrein. Baiberdon. Baiburt (Paipurth), Castle of. Baidu Khan, seizes throne of Persia; displaced and killed by Gházán; alleged to be a Christian. Bailo, the title, etymology of. Bakhshi (Bacsi), Lamas, their enchantments; various meanings of the word. Bakhtyáris of Luristán, the. Baku, oil fields of, Sea of (Caspian). Balad-ul-Falfal (Malabar). Baladi. Balalaika, a two-stringed Tartar instrument. Balânjaríyah, devoted lieges. Bala-Sagun. Balas rubies. Baldac, see Baghdad. Baldacchini (Baudekins), brocades made at Baghdad. Baldwin II. (de Courtenay), last Latin Emperor of Constantinople. Bali, Island of. —— in Abyssinia. Balios. Balish (a money of account). Balista, always a crossbow in mediaeval times. Balkh (Balc). Balkhash Lake. Ballads, Genoese, on sea-fights at Ayas and Curzola. Ballard, Mr.. Balor, Balaur, Bilaur, Malaur, Bolor. Bálos, Malacca boats with two rudders. Balsamodendron Mukul. Balthazar, of the Magi. Bálti. Balustrade, etymology of the word. Bamboo (always called canes by Polo), its multifarious uses; Kúblái's Chandu Palace made of; great, on banks of Caramoran river; explode loudly when burning; large in Tibet; ropes of; in Che kiang. Bamian, caves at, huge recumbent image at. Bám-i-Duniah, "Roof of the World". Bamm. Bandar Abbás (Bandar-Abbási). Bandith. Bangala, see Bengal. Banzaroff, Dorji, on Shamanism. Baptism, accompanied by branding, in Abyssinia. Bara. Barac (Borrak), Khan of Chagatai, his war with Arghún. Baradaeus, Jacob, or James Zanzale, Bishop of Edessa. Barbaro, Josafat. Barbarossa, Frederic. Barberino, Francesco da. Barda'at, saddle-cloths. Bardesir. Bardshír, Bardsír, Bard-i-Ardeshír. Bargu (Barguchin Tugrum, or Barguti), plain. Barguerlac, Syrrhaptes Pallasii, a kind of sand grouse, its migration into England. Barguzinsk. Barin, Mongol tribe. Bark, money made from, fine clothes from. Barka (Barca), Khan, ruler of Kipchak, his war with Hulákú. Barkul. Barkút, búrgút (bearcoote), eagle trained to the chase. Barlaam and Josaphat, Story of Saints, from Legend of Buddha. Barley, huskless. Baroch. Baron-tala, name applied by Mongols to Tibet. Barons (Shieng or Sing), Kaan's twelve. Barozzi, Nicolo. Barros, John de, geography of. Barsauma (St. Barsamo). Barskul (Barscol), "Leopard Lake". Bartizan, Kúblái's wooden. Barus, Barros (Sumatra), its camphor. Barussae insulae. Barygaza. Bashai (Pashai). Bashkirds, (Hungarians). Bashpah, Lama, and the Mongol character called after him. Basma, see Pasei. Basmuls (Guasmuls), half-breeds. Basra (Bastra), noted for its date-groves. Bathang. Baths, natural hot, near Hormuz, in Cathay; public at Kinsay. Batigala, Batticalla. Batochina. Bats, large, in India. Battas of Sumatra, and cannibalism. Batthala, Bettelar (Patlam in Ceylon). Battles, Kúblái v. Nayan, Tartars v. king of Mien; Caidu v. Khan's forces; Borrak and Arghún; Arghún and Ahmad; Hulákú and Barka; Toktai and Nogai. Bátú, Khan of Kipchak, founder of Sarai, invades Russia; made by Polo into two kings—Sain and Patu; his character and cruelty. Baudas, see Baghdad. Baudekins (baldacchini), brocades made at Baghdad. Bauduin de Sebourc. Bavaria, Duke Ernest of, a mediaeval Romance. Bawárij, corsairs. Bayan Chingsian, Kúblái's greatest Captain, prophecy connected with his name; his conquest of Manzi or South China; his history and character; his exceptional cruelty at Chang-chau. Bayan, Khagan of the Avars. Bayan (Baian), Kúblái's Master of the Hounds. Bayan, son of Nasruddin. Bayezid Ilderim. Bdellium. Beads, Hindu. Bears, white in Far North. Beast and bird patterns, see Patterns. Beaten gold. Beaujeu, William de, Master of the Temple. Beauty of—Georgians, Khorasan women; Kashmir women; Sinju women; Argons, or half-breeds; the Ungrat or Kungurat tribe; people of Coloman; Kinsay women; Kaidu's daughter; Arghún Khan; the Russians. Beds, their arrangement in India. Beef, not eaten in Maabar, except by the Govi, formerly eaten in India. Bejas of the Red Sea Coast. Belgutai, Chinghiz's stepbrother. "Belic" for "Melic". Bell at Cambaluc, great. Bellal Rajas. Belledi, balladi, ginger so called, Spanish use of the word. Benares, brocades of. Bendocquedar, see Bundúkdári, Bíbars. Benedict XII., Pope. Bengal (Bangala), king of Mien (Burma) and; why Polo couples these; relations between Burma and; claim asserted by king of Burma to; alleged Mongol invasion of; its distance from Caugigu; its currency; confused with Pegu by Polo. Beni Búya dynasty. Benjamin of Tudela, on Alexander's Rampart, on the Gryphon. Benzoin, etymology of. Berard, Thos., Master of the Temple. Berbera, Sea of. Berchet, G. Bereké, Bátu Khan's brother. Bernier, on Kashmir women's beauty. Berrie, the Arabic Baríya, a desert. Bettelar, rendezvous of Pearl Fishers. Beyamini, wild oxen of Tibet. Bezant, value of. Bhagavata. Bhamó, and River of. Bhartpúr, prophecy about. Bhattis, the. Bháwalpúr. "Bhim's Baby," colossal idol at Dhamnár caves. Bianco's, Andrea, maps. Biar. Bibars Bundúkdári, see Bundúkdári. Bielo Osero. Bigoncio, a firkin. Bilúchis, their robber raids; Lumri or Numri. Binh Thuan (Champa). Binkin. Bintang (Pentam). Birch-bark vessels, books. Bír-dhúl, or Bujardawal, cap. of Ma'bar. Bird-hunts. Birdwood, Sir G. Birhors of Chuta Nagpúr. Bir-Pandi, or Pira-Bandi. Birthday, celebration of Kúblái's. Bishbalik (Urumtsi). Bishop, of Male Island, story of an Abyssinian. Bitter bread. —— water. Blac, Blachia (Lac, Wallach). Black-bone, Chinese name for Lolos. Black Crane (Kará Togorü). —— Saints, White Devils in India. —— Sea, M. Maurum v. Nigrum. —— Sect of Tibet. Blacker, the more beautiful. Blaeuw, map. Blochmann, Professor H. Block-books, supposed to have been introduced from China,. Block-printing in Persia.. Blood-sucking, Tartar. Blous, bloies. Boar's tusks, huge (Hipp.). Boccassini. Bode, Baron de. Bodhisatva Avalok. Bodleian MS. of Polo, list of miniatures in. Boeach, mistake for Locac, and its supposed position. Boemond, Prince of Antioch and Tripoli, letter of Bibar to. Boga (Buka), a great Mongol officer, delivers Arghún. Boghra Khan. Bohea country. Bohra, sect of W. India. Boikoff, Russian Envoy. Bokhara (Bocara). Boleyn, Anne, her use of buckram. Bolgana, Queen, see Bulughán. Bolgarskoye (called also Uspenskoye). Bolghar, borgal, borghal, Russia leather. Bolghar (Bolgara), on the Volga, ruins of; court of. Bolivar, Padre, S.J., his account of the Condor (Rukh) of Africa. Bolor. Bombay. Bonaparte, Prince Roland, Recueil des Documents de l'Époque Mongole. Bonga. Bonheur, Rosa. Boniface VIII., Pope. Bonin, C.E. Bonoccio di Mestro. Bonpos, old Tibetan Sect. Bonús, ebony. Bonvalot. Book of Marco Polo, its contents; original language, French; oldest Italian MS.; "Geographic Text," in rude French; various types of Text— (1) "Geographic,". (2) Pauthier's MSS. (3) Pipino's Latin, Preface to; Grynaeus' Latin; Müllers' reprint. (4) Ramusio's Italian edition, its peculiarities; probable truth about it; bases of it. MS. and some of its peculiarities; general view of the relations of the texts; notice of an old Irish version; geographical data; how far influenced in form by Rustician; perhaps in description of battles; diffusion and number of MSS.; basis of present version; specimens of different recensions of text; distribution of MSS.; miniatures in; list of MSS.; Tabular view of the filiation of chief MSS.; Bibliography; titles of works cited; Spanish edition. Bore in Hang-chau Estuary. Borgal, see Bolghar. Bormans, Stanislas. Born, Bertram de. Borneo, camphor, see Camphor. —— tailed men of. Boro Bodor, Buddhist Monument, Java. Borrak, Amir, Prince of Kerman (Kutlugh Sultan?). —— Khan of Chaghatai, see Barac. Borùs, the. Bostam. Boswellia thurifera, serrata; Carterii; Bhauda-jiana; papyrifera; Frereana; glabra. Bouqueran, see Buckram. Bourne, F.S.A. Boxwood forests in Georgia. Bozzí. Bra, the word. Bracelets, in Anin. Bragadino, Marco, husband of Marco Polo's daughter, Fantina. —— Pietro. Brahmanical thread. Brahmans (Abraiaman), fish-charmers to the pearl fishery; their character and virtues; their king; their omens; longevity; Chughi; Palladian legend of. Brahma's temple, Hang-chau. Brahuis. Brakhimof, early capital of Bulgaria. Brambanan, ruins at. Bran (Tibetan tsamba), parched barley. Brazil wood, in Locac, in Sumatra; manner of growth; in Ceylon; in Coilum (Coilumin); different kinds; vicissitudes of the word; its use prohibited by Painters' Guild. Bread, bitter. Brephung monastery. Bretesche. Bretschneider, Dr. Emil (Medical Researches), ruins of Bolghar, the Uíghúr character; Caucasian Wall; use of muslin in Samarkand; on nakh and nachetti; Húlakú's expedition to West Asia; an extract from the Yüan Si; Badakhshan; Kashgar; Shachau; Kamul; Chingintalas; the Stipa inebrians; the Utiken Uígúrs; Erdenidso Monastery; Belasagun; death of Chinghiz; tung lo or kumiz; Kúblái's death; Peking; verniques; clepsydra; the Bularguchi; Achmath's biography; paper-money; post stations; Chinese intoxicating drinks; regulations for time of dearth; Lu-Ku-K'iao Bridge; introduction of plants from Asia into China; morus alba; Tibet; bamboo explosions; the Si-fans; Cara-jang and Chagan-jang; Nasr-uddin; the Alans; rhubarb in Tangut; Polo's "large pears"; on galangal; on sugar; on Zayton; on wood-oil; on ostrich; on Si-la-ni; on frankincense; on Magyars; on Mongol invasion of Poland and Silesia. Brichu (Brius, the Upper Kiang). Bridges of Pulisanghin, Sindafu (Ch'êngtu); Suchau; Kinsay; Kien-ning fu; Fuchau; Zayton, or Chinchau. Brine-wells, see Salt. Brius River (Kin-sha Kiang, Gold River). Brown, G.G. —— Sir Thomas, on Polo. Bruce's Abyssinian Chronology. Brunetto Latini's Book, Li Tresor. Brunhilda. Bruun, Professor Ph., of Odessa. Bucephala, of Alexander. Bucephalus, breed of. Buckrams, of Arzinga, described; etymology; at Mardin; in Tibet; at Mutfili; Malabar. Buddha, see Sakya Muni. Buddhism, Buddhists, see Idolatry, Idolaters. Buddhist Decalogue. Buffaloes in Anin. Buffet and vessels of Kúblái's table. Bugaei. Buka (Boga), a great Mongol chief. Buka Bosha, 1st Mongolian Governor of Bokhara. Búkú Khan, of the Hoei-Hu, or Uighúrs. Bularguji (Bularguchi), "The Keeper of Lost Property". Bulgaria, Great. Bulughán (Bolgana), Queen. —— another. Bundúkdár, Amír Aláuddín Aidekín ("The Arblaster"). Bundúkdári, Malik Dáhir Ruknuddín Bíbars (Bendocquedar), Mameluke Sultan of Egypt, killed by kumiz. Buraets, or Burgats, the. Búrkán Káldún. Burma (or Ava), King of (See also Mien.). Burnell, Arthur. Burning the Dead, see Cremation. —— heretical books. —— paper-money, etc., at funerals. —— Widows in South India. Burrough, Christopher. Burton, Captain R.F. Bushell, Dr. S.W., his visit to Shang-tu, on the Khitan Scripts; Tangut rulers; orders for post-horses. Butchers, in Kashmir, Tibet; S. India. Butiflis (Mutfili). Butler, Hudibras. Buyid dynasty.
Ca' Polo, Ca' Milion, Corte del Millioni, the house of the Polos at Venice. Caaju, castle of. Cabs, Peking. Cacanfu (Hokiang-fu). Cachanfu (P'uchau-fu, Ho-chung-fu). Cachar Modun. Cachilpatnam. Cadmia. Caesalpinia; and see Brazil. Caesarea of Cappadocia (Casaria, Kaisaríya). Caichu, castle of (Kiai-chau, or Hiai-chau?). Caidu, see Kaidu. Caiju, on the Hwang-Ho. —— on the Kiang, Kwachau. Cail (Káyal), a great port of Commerce; the king; identified; meaning of name; remains of. Caindu (K'ien-ch'ang), a region of Eastern Tibet. Caingan (Ciangan, Kiahing). Cairo, museum at; ventilators at. (See Babylon.). Caiton, see Zayton. Cala Ataperistan (Kala' Atishparastán), "Castle of the Fire Worshippers". Calachan (Kalaján). Calaiate, Calatu, see Kalhat. Calamanz, the word. Calamina, city. Caldwell, Rev. Dr. R., on devil-dancing among the Shanars, on name of Ceylon; on Shahr-Mandi and Sundara Pandi; on the Tower at Negapatam; etymology of Chilaw; on Pacauta; Govis; singular custom of arrest; rainy season; food of horses; Shanar devil-images; choiach; Cail, or Kayál city; Kolkhoi; King Ashar of Cail; Kollam; Pinati; etymology of Sapong; Cape Comorin. Calendar, Ecclesiastical Buddhist, the Tartar; of Brahmans; of Documents relating to Marco Polo and his family. Calicut, King of, and his costume. Calif, see Khalif. Caligine, Calizene (Khálij, a canal from Nile). Camadi (City of Dakiánús) ruined. Cambaluc (Khanbaligh, or Peking), capital of Cathay, Kúblái's return thither after defeating Nayan; the palace; the city; its size, walls, gates, and streets, the Bell Tower, etc.; period of khan's stay there; its suburbs and hostelries; cemeteries, women, patrols; its traffic; the Emperor's Mint; palace of the Twelve Barons; roads radiating from; astrologers of. Cambay (Cambaet, Cambeth, Kunbáyat), kingdom of. Cambuscan, of Chaucer, corruption of Chinghiz. Camel-bird, see Ostrich. Camels, mange treated with oil, camlets from wool of; white; incensing; alleged to be eaten in Madagascar; really eaten in Magadoxo; ridden in war. Camexu, Kamichu, see Campichu. Camlets (cammellotti). Camoens. Camphor (Laurus Camphora) trees in Fo-kien. —— of Sumatra, Fansuri; earliest mention of: superstitions regarding; description of the tree, Dryabalanops Camphora; value attached by Chinese to; recent prices of; its use with betel. —— oil. Campichu (Kanchau), city of. Camul (Kamul), province. Camut, fine shagreen leather. Canal, Grand, of China. construction of. Canale, Cristoforo, MS. by. —— Martino da, French Chronicle of Venice by. Cananor, kingdom. Cananore. Canara. Cancamum. Canela brava. Canes, Polo's name for bamboos. Cannibalism, ascribed to Tibetans, Kashmiris, etc; to Hill-people in Fo-kien; to islanders in Seas of China and India; in Sumatra; regulations of the Battas; ascribed to Andaman islanders. Cannibals, i.e. Caribs. Canonical Hours. Cansay, see Kinsay. Canton. Cape Comorin, see Comari; Temple at. —— Corrientes (of Currents). —— Delgado. —— of Good Hope. Capidoglio (Capdoille), sperm-whale. Cappadocian horses. Capus, G. Caracoron (Kará Korum). Carajan (Caraian, Karájang, or Yun-nan), province. Caramoran River (Hwang-Ho). Carans, or Scarans. Caraonas (Karaunahs), a robber tribe. Carats. Carbine, etymology of. Cardinal's Wit. Caribs, i.e. cannibals. Carpets, of Turcomania (Turkey); Persian; Kerman. Carriages, at Kinsay; Chinese. Carrion, shot from engines. Carta Catalana, Catalan Map of 1375. Carte, à la. Carts, Mongol. Casan, see Gházán Khan. Casaria (Caesarea of Cappadocia). Cascar (Kashgar), Chaukans of. Casem, see Kishm. Caspian Sea (Sea of Ghel or Ghelan), ancient error about; its numerous names. Cassay, see Kinsay. Cassia. —— buds. —— fistula. Castaldi, Panfilo, his alleged invention of movable types. Castambol. Castelli, P. Cristoforo di. Casvin (Kazvín), a kingdom of Persia. Catalan Navy. Cathay (Northern China), origin of name; coal in; idols; Cambaluc, the capital of, see Cambaluc; Cathayans, v. Ahmad; their wine; astrologers; religion; politeness, filial duty, gaol deliveries, gambling. Catholics, Catholicos, of Sis; of the Nestorians. Cators (chakors), great partridges. Cat's Head Tablet. Cats in China. Caucasian Wall. Caugigu, province. Caulking, of Chinese ships. Cauly, Kauli (Corea). Causeway, south of the Yellow River. Cauterising children's heads. Cave-houses. Cavo de Eli. —— de Diab, ii. 417_n_. Cayu (Kao-yu). Celtic Church. Census, of houses in Kinsay, tickets. Ceremonial of Mongol Court, see Etiquette. Ceylon (Seilan), circuit of; etymology of; customs of natives; mountain of Adam's (alias Sagamoni Borcan's) Sepulchre; history of Buddha; origin of idolatry; subject to China. Ceylon, King of, his pearl-ponds. Chachan (Charchan, Charchand). Chagatai (Sigatay), Kúblái's uncle, son of Chinghiz. Chaghán-Jáng. Chaghan-Kuren. Chaghan-Nor ("White Lake"), N.E. of Kamul. —— (Chaghan, or Tsaghan Balghasun), site of Kúblái's palace. Chairs, silver. Chakor (cator), great partridges. Chalcedony and jasper. Chalukya Malla kings. Champa (Chamba), kingdom of, Kúblái's expedition; the king and his wives; products; locality; invaded by king of Lukyn. Chandra Banu. Chandu (Shangtu), city of peace of Kúblái. Changan. Chang-chau (Chinginju). —— in Fo-kien, Zayton (?); Christian remains at. Ch'ang Ch'un, travels. Changgan (Chang-ngan). Chang-kia-Kau, the gate in the Great Wall. Chang K'ien. Chang-shan (Chanshan). Ch'ang Te (the Chinese traveller), Si Shi Ki. Chang Te-hui, a Chinese teacher. Chang-y (Chenchu). Chang Yao, Chinese general. Cháo de Bux (Cavo di Bussi), boxwood. Chaohien, Sung Prince. Cháo-Khánahs, bank-note offices in Persia. Cháo Naiman Sumé Khotan, or Shangtu, "city of the 108 temples". Cháo, paper-money. Cháo, title of Siamese and Shan Princes. Chaotong. Chapu. Characters, written, four acquired by Marco Polo, one in Manzi, but divers spoken dialects. Charchan (Chachan of Johnson, Charchand). Charcoal, store in Peking, palace garden of. Charities, Kúblái's, Buddhistic and Chinese; at Kinsay. Charles VIII., of France. Chau dynasty. Chaucer, quoted. Chaukans, temporary wives at Kashgar. Chaul. Cheapness in China. Cheetas, or hunting leopards. Cheh-kiang, cremation common during Sung dynasty in, roads into Fo-kien from. Cheinan, Gulf of. Chenchau, or Iching hien. Chenching (Cochin-China). Chenchu (Chang-y), conspires with Vanchu v. Ahmad. Ch'eng-ting fu. Ch'êng-Tsu (Yung-lo), Emperor. Ch'êng-tu (Sze-ch'wan). Ch'êngtu-fu (Sindafu). Cheu, the Seven. Chibai and Chiban. Chichiklik Pass. Chien-ch'ang (Caindu). (See K'ien ch'ang.). Chihli, plain of. Chilaw. Chiliánwála, battlefield of. Chilu-ku, last Karakhitai king. Chin, Sea of. China, Imperial Maritime Customs Returns for 1900; Dominicans in; paved roads in; relations with Korea and Japan; the name; king of Malacca at Court of; trade from Arabia to; from Sofala in Africa. (See also Cathay and Manzi.). Chinangli (T'sinan-fu). Chinár, Oriental planes. Chinchau, Chincheo, Chinchew, Chwanchew, Tswanchau, see Zayton. Chinese, Polo ignorant of the languages; epigrams; funeral and mourning customs; feeling towards Kúblái; religion and irreligion; their politeness and filial piety; gambling; character for integrity; written character and varieties of dialect; ships; pagodas at Negapatam and elsewhere; coins found in Southern India; pottery; trade and intercourse with Southern India. Chinghian-fu (Chinkiang-fu). Chinghiz Khan, reported to be a Christian; Aung Khan's saying of; his use of Uíghúr character; Erzrum taken by; harries Balkh; captures Talikan; ravages Badakhshan; his respect for Christians; subjugates Kutchluk Khân; his campaigns in Tangut; Rubruquis' account of; made king of the Tartars; his system of conquests; and Prester John; divining by twigs—presage of victory; defeats and slays Prester John; his death and burial-place; his aim at conquest of the world; his funeral; his army; defeats the Merkits; relations between Prester John's and his families; the Horiad tribe; his prophecy about Kúblái; rewards his captains; captures Peking; defeats and slays Taiyang Khan; his alleged invasion of Tibet; his mechanical artillery; his cruelty; Table of Genealogy of his House. Chinghiz Tora. Ching-hoang tower at Hangchau-fu. Chinginju (Chang-chau). Chingintalas, province, its identification. Chingkim, Chinkin, Chimkin, Kúblái's favourite son and heir-apparent, his palace. Chingsang, Ching-siang (Chinisan), title of a Chief Minister of State. Chingting-fu (Acbaluc). Chingtsu, or Yung-lo, Emperor. Chíní, coarse sugar. Chinju (Tinju). Chin-tan, or Chínasthána, Chinese etymology of. Chinuchi, Cunichi, Kúblái's Masters of the Hounds. Chipangu (Japan), account of Kúblái's expedition v.; its disasters; history of expedition; relations with China and Korea. Chitral. Chloroxylon Dupada. Cho-chau (Juju). Choiach, the term. Chola, or Sola-desam (Soli, Tanjore). Chonka (Fo-kien), kingdom of, explanation of name. Chonkwé Chorcha, see Churchin Christian, astrologers; churches in China, early; inscription of Singanfu; Alans in the Mongol service. Christianity, attributed to Chinghizide princes, Kúblái's views on. —— former, of Socotra. Christians, of the Greek rite, Georgians, and Russians; Jacobite and Nestorian, at Mosul; among the Kurds; and the Khalif of Baghdad—the miracle of the mountain and the one-eyed cobbler; Kashgar; in Samarkand; the miracle of the stone removed; Yarkand; Tangut; Chingintalas; Suh-chau; Kan-chau; in Chinghiz's camp; Erguiul and Sinju; Egrigaia; Tenduc; Nayan and the Khan's decision; at Kúblái's Court; in Yun-nan; Cacanfu; Yang-chau; churches at Chin-kiang fu; at Kinsay; St. Thomas'; Coilum; Male and Female Islands; Socotra; Abyssinia and fire baptism; of the Girdle; in Lac (Wallachia). Chrocho, the Rukh (q.v.). Chronology and chronological data discussed, first journey of the Polos; war between Barka and Húlakú; Polos' stay at Bokhara; their departure and their second journey from Acre; their return voyage and arrival in Persia; story of Nigudar; Hormuz princes; destruction of Ismailites; history of Chinghiz; Kúblái's birth and accession; Nayan' rebellion; visit to Yun-nan; battle with the king of Mien; wars between China and Burma; value of Indo-Chinese; conquest of S. China; capture of Siang-yang; Kúblái's dealings with Japan; with Champa; Marco's visit to Japan; Kúblái's Java expedition; review of the Malay; events in Ma'bar; King Gondophares; cessation of Chinese navigation to India; Abyssinia; Kaidu's wars; Mongol revolutions in Persia, notes from; wars of Toktai and Noghai. (see also Dates.) Chrysostom. Chuchu, in Kiang-si. Chughis, see Jogis. Chung-Kiang. Chungkwé, "Middle Kingdom". Chung-tu, or Yen-King (Peking, see Cambaluc). Ch'ura. Churches, Christian, in Kashgar, Samarkand; Egrigaia; Tenduc; early, in China; Yang-chau; Chin-kiang fu; Kinsay; Zayton; St. Thomas's; Coilum; Socotra. Churchin, or Niuché, Churché, Chorcha (the Manchu Country). Cielstan, Suolstan (Shúlistán). Cinnamon, Tibet, Caindu; Ceylon; story in Herodotus of; Malabar. Circumcision of Socotrans, forcible, of a bishop; of Abyssinians. Cirophanes, or Syrophenes, story of. Civet, of Sumatra. Clement IV., Pope. Clepsydra. Cloves, in Caindu. Coal (Polo's blackstone), in Scotland in Middle Ages; in Kinsay. Cobbler, the one-eyed, and the miracle of the mountain. Cobinan (Koh-Banán). Cocachin (Kúkáchin), the Lady. Cochin-China, the mediaeval Champa (q.v.). Coco-nut (Indian nut). Coco Islands, of Hiuen T'sang. Cocos Islands. Coeur de Lion, his mangonels. Coffins, Chinese, in Tangut. Cogachin (Hukaji), Kúblái's son, King of Carajan. Cogatai. Cogatal, a Tartar envoy to the Pope. Coiganju (Hwaingan-fu). Coilum (Kollam, Kaulam, Quilon), kingdom of, identity of meaning of name; Church of St. George at; modern state of; Kúblái's intercourse with. Coilumin, columbino, colomní, so-called Brazil-wood, ginger. Coins of Cilician Armenia, of Mosul; Agathocles and Pantaleon; Seljukian with Lion and Sun; found at Siang-Yang; King Gondophares; Tartar heathen princes with Mahomedan and Christian formulae. Coja (Koja), Tartar envoy from Persia to the Khan. Cold, intense, in Kerman, in Russia. "Cold Mountains". Coleridge, verses on Kúblái's Paradise. Coloman, province. Colombino, see Coilumin. Colon, see Coilum. Colossal Buddhas, recumbent. Columbum, see Coilum. Columbus, Polo paralleled with, remarks on. Comania, Comanians. Comari, Comori (Cape Comorin, Travancore), temple at. Combermere, Lord, prophecy applied to. Comercque, Khan's custom-house. Compartments, in hulls of ships. Compass, Mariner's. Competitive Examinations in beauty. Conchi, King of the North. Concubines, how the Khan selects. Condor, its habits, Temple's account of; Padre Bolivar's of the African. Condur and Sondur. Condux, sable or beaver. Conia, Coyne (Iconium). Conjeveram. Conjurers, the Kashmirian, weather-; Lamas' ex-feats. (see also Sorcerers.). Conosalmi (Kamasal). Constantinople, Straits of. Convents, see Monasteries. Cookery, Tartar horse. Cooper, T.T., traveller on Tibetan frontier. Copper, token currency of Mahomed Tughlak, imported to Malabar; to Cambay. Coral, valued in Kashmir, Tibet, etc. Corea (Kauli). Corn, Emperor's store and distribution of. Coromandel (Maabar), see Mabar. Corsairs, see Pirates. Corte del Milione, see Ca' Polo. —— Sabbionera at Venice. Cosmography, mediaeval. Costus. Cotan, see Khotan. Cotton, stuffs of, at Merdin; in Persia; at Kashgar; Yarkand; Khotan; Pein; Bengal; bushes of gigantic size. Counts in Vokhan, at Dofar. Courts of Justice, at Kinsay. Couvade, custom of. Cow-dung, its use in Maabar. Cowell, Professor. Cowries (porcelain shells, pig shells), used for money, etc., procured from Locac. Cralantur, its meaning (?). Cramoisy (quermesis). Cranes, five kinds of. Crawford, John. Cremation, in Middle Ages. Cremesor, Hot Region (Garmsir). Çribhõja (Çribhôdja), country. Crocodiles, see Alligators. Cross, legend of the Tree of the, gibes against, on Nayan's defeat; on monument at Singanfu. Crossbows. Cruelties, Tartar. Crusca MS. of Polo. Cubeb pepper. Cubits, astronomical altitude estimated by. Cublay, see Kúblái. Cucintana. Cudgel, Tartars' use of. Cuiju (Kwei-chau), province. Cuinet, Vital, on Turkman villages, on Mosul Kurds. Cuirbouly. Cuju. Cuncun (Han-Chung) province. Cunningham, General A. Cups, flying. Curds and Curdistan. Currency, copper token, in India, salt; leather; Cowrie, see Cowries. Currency, paper, in China, attempt to institute in Persia; alluded to. Current, strong south along East Coast of Africa. Currents, Cape of, or Corrientes. Curtains, Persian. Curzola Island, Genoese victory at, Polo's galley at; map of. Curzon, Lord, list of Pamirs. —— Hon. R., on invention of printing. Customs, Custom-houses. Cutch pirates. Cuxstac, Kuhestec. Cuy Khan (Kuyuk). Cycle, Chinese. Cynocephali, the. Cypresses, sacred, of the Magians. Cyprus. Cyrus, his use of camels in battle near Sardis.
Dabul.
Dadián, title of Georgian kings.
Da Gama.
Dagroian, kingdom of, in Sumatra,
probable position of.
Dailiu (Tali).
Daïtu, Taidu, Tatu (Peking), Kúblái's new city of Cambaluc.
Dakiánus, city of (Camadi).
Dalada, tooth relique of Buddha.
Dalai Lama, with four hands.
D'Alboquerque.
Dalivar, Dilivar, Diláwar (Lahore), a province of India.
Dalmian.
Damas.
Damascus,
siege of.
Damasks, with cheetas in them,
with giraffes.
(see also Patterns.).
Damghan.
Dancing dervishes.
Dancing girls, in Hindu temples.
Dandolo, Andrea, Admiral of Venetian fleet at Curzola,
his captivity and suicide;
funeral at Venice.
D'Anghieria, Pietro Martire.
Dantapura.
Dante, number of MSS.,
does not allude to Polo;
Convito.
D'Anville's Map.
Darábjird.
Darah.
Dárápur.
Dardas, stuff embroidered in gold.
Dariel, Pass of (Gate of the Alans).
Darius,
the Golden King.
Dark Ocean of the South.
Darkness, magical.
—— land of,
how the Tartars find their way out;
the people and their peltry;
Alexander's legendary entrance into;
Dumb trade of.
Darráj, black partridge, its peculiar call.
Darúná, salt mines.
Darwaz.
Dasht, or Plain, of Bahárak.
Dashtáb, hot springs.
Dasht-i-Lut (Desert of Lút).
Dashtistan tribe and district.
Dates (chronology) in Polo's book, generally erroneous.
—— (trees or fruit),
Basra;
Bafk;
Reobarles, province;
Formosa Plain;
Hormos;
wine of;
diet of fish, etc.
Daughters of Marco Polo.
D'Avezac, M.
David, king of Abyssinia.
David, king of Georgia (Dawith).
Davids, Professor T.W. Rhys, Buddhist Birth Stories.
Davis, Sir John F.
Dawaro.
Daya.
Dead, disposal of the, in Tangut,
at Cambaluc;
in Coloman;
in China;
in Dagroian;
by the Battas.
—— burning of the, see Cremation.
eating the, see Cannibalism.
De Barros,
on Java;
Singhapura;
Janifs.
Debt, singular arrest for.
Decima, or Tithe on bequest.
Decimal organisation of Tartar armies.
Decius, Emperor.
Degháns, Dehgáns.
Dehánah, village.
Deh Bakri.
De la Croix, Pétis.
Delhi, Sultans of.
D'Ely, Mount, see Eli.
Demoiselle Crane, anthropoides virgo.
Deogir.
Derbend, Wall of (see also Iron Gate of.).
Deserts, haunted.
Deserts of Kerman or of Lút,
of Khorasan;
of Charchan;
Lop (Gobi);
Kharakorum.
Desgodins, Abbé.
Despina Khatun.
Devadási.
Devapattan.
Devéria, G.
Devil-dancing.
Devil trees.
Devils, White.
D'Evreux, Father Yves.
Dhafar (Dofar, Thafar),
its incense;
two places of the name.
Dhárani, mystic charms.
Dhúlkarnain (Alex.), see Zulkarnain.
Dialects, Chinese.
Diamonds in India, how found,
mines of;
diffusion of legend about.
"Diex Terrien".
Diláwar, Polo's Dihar.
Dimitri II., Thawdadebuli, king of Georgia.
Dínár, see Bezant.
Dinár of Red Gold.
Dinh Tiên-hwàng, king of An-nam.
Diocletian.
Dioscorides insula.
Dir, chief town of Panjkora.
Dirakht-i-Fazl.
Dirakht-i-Kush.
Diráwal, ancient capital of the Bhattis.
Dirhem-Kub, Shah Mahomed, founder of Hormuz dynasty.
Dish of Sakya or of Adam.
Diu City.
Diul-Sind, Lower Sind.
Divination by twigs or arrows.
Dixan, branding with cross at.
Dizabulus, pavilion of.
Dizful River.
Djao (Chao) Namian Sumé (Kaipingfu).
Djaya, turquoises.
Doctors at Kinsay.
Dofar, see Dhafar.
Dogana,
conjectures as to.
Doghábah River.
Dog-headed races.
Dogs, the Khan's mastiffs,
of Tibet;
fierce in Cuiju.
Dog-sledging in Far North,
notes on dogs.
Dolfino, Ranuzzo, husband of Polo's daughter, Moreta.
Dolonnúr.
Dominicans, sent with Polos but turn back.
D' or plain, the expression.
Dorah Pass.
Doria, family at Meloria.
—— Lampa,
Admiral of Genoese Fleet sent to Adriatic;
his victory;
his tomb and descendants;
at Meloria with six sons.
—— Octaviano, death of.
—— Tedisio, exploring voyage of.
Dorjé.
D'Orléans, Prince Henri.
Douglas, Rev. Dr. C.
Doyley, Sir Fulke.
Dragoian (Ta-hua-Mien).
Draps entaillez.
Drawers, enormous, of Badakhshan women.
Dreams, notable.
Drums, sound of in certain sandy districts.
Dryabalanops Camphora.
Dua Khan.
Du Bose, Rev. H.C.
Ducat, or sequin.
Dudley, Arcano del Mare.
Duel, mode in S. India of.
Dufour, on mediaeval artillery.
Duhalde, Plan of Ki-chau,
or T'si-ning chau.
Dukuz Khatun.
Dulcarnon (Zulkarnain).
Dulites.
Dumas, Alexander.
Dumb trade.
Duncan, Rev. Moir.
Dungen (Tungani), or converts.
Duplicates in geography.
Dupu.
Dürer's Map of Venice, so-called.
Durga Temple.
Dursamand.
Dúsháb, sweet liquor or syrup.
Dust-storms.
Duties, on Great Kiang,
on goods at Kinsay and Zayton;
on horses;
at Hormuz.
(See also Customs.).
Dutthagamini, king of Ceylon.
Dwara Samudra.
Dzegun-tala, name applied to Mongolia.
Dzungaria.
Eagle mark on shoulder of Georgian kings.
Eagles, trained to kill large game.
—— white, in the Diamond Country.
Eagle-wood, origin of the name. (See Lign-aloes.).
Earth honoured.
East, its state, circa, 1260.
Ebony (bonus).
Edkins, Rev.
Edward I.
Edward II., correspondence with Tartar princes.
Effeminacy, in Chinese palaces.
Eggs of Ruc and Aepyornis.
Egrigaia, province.
Ela (cardamom).
Elchidai.
Elenovka.
Elephantiasis.
Elephants, Kúblái carried on a timber bartizan by four,
Kúblái's;
the king of Mien's;
numbers of men alleged to be carried by;
how the Tartars routed;
wild
in Caugigu;
Champa;
Locac;
Sumatra;
Madagascar and Zanghibar;
trade in teeth of;
carried off by the Ruc;
in Zanghibar;
used in war;
an error;
Nubian;
fable about;
not bred in Abyssinia;
training of African;
war of the.
Eli, Ely, Elly (Hili), kingdom of.
Elias, Ney.
Elixir vitae of the Jogis.
Elliot, Sir Walter.
Emad, Ed-din Abu Thaher, founder of the Kurd dynasty.
Embroidery of silk at Kerman,
leather in Guzerat.
Empoli, Giovanni d'.
Empusa, the Arabian Nesnás.
Enchanters, at Socotra.
Enchantments, of the Caraonas.
(See also Conjurers, Socerers.).
Engano Island, legend.
Engineering feat.
Engineers, their growing importance in Middle Ages.
England, Kúblái's message to king of,
correspondence of Tartar princes with kings of.
English trade and character in Asia.
Enlightenment, Land of.
Erba, poisonous plant or grass.
Erculin, Arculin (an animal).
Erdeni Tso (Erdenidsu), or Erdeni Chao Monastery.
Eremites (Rishis), of Kashmir.
Erguiul, province.
Erivan.
Erkeun, (Ye li ke un), Mongol for Christians.
Ermine.
Erzinjan, Erzinga, Eriza (Arzinga).
Erzrum (Arziron).
Eschiel, the word.
Esher (Shehr, Es-shehr),
trade with India, incense, Ichthyophagi;
singular sheep.
Essentemur (Isentimur), Kúblái's grandson, king of Carajan.
Estimo, Venetian, or forced loan.
Etchmiadzin Monastery.
Ethiopia and India, confused.
Ethiopian sheep.
Etiquette of the Mongol Court.
Etymologies,
Balustrade;
buckram;
Avigi;
Geliz (Ghellé);
Jatolic;
muslin;
baudekins;
cramoisy;
ondanique;
zebu;
carbine;
Dulcarnon;
balas;
azure and lazuli;
None;
Mawmet and Mummery;
salamander;
berrie;
barguerlac;
S'ling;
siclatoun;
Argon;
Tungani;
Guasmul;
chakór;
Jádú and Yadah;
Tafur;
Bacsi;
Sensin;
P'ungyi;
carquois;
Keshikán;
vernique;
camut, borgal, shagreen;
Chinuchi or Chunichi;
Toscaol;
Bularguchi;
Fondaco;
Bailo;
comerque;
porcelain;
Sangon;
Faghfur;
Manjanik, mangonel, mangle, etc.;
galingale;
Chini and Misri;
Satin;
eagle-wood, aloes-wood;
Bonús, Calamanz;
benzoni;
china pagoda;
Pacauca;
Balanjar, a-muck;
Pariah;
Govi;
Avarian;
Abraiaman;
Choiach;
proques;
Tembul and Betel;
Sappan and Brazil;
Balladi;
Belledi;
Indigo baccadeo;
Gatpaul, baboon;
Salami cinnamon;
[Greek: kómakon];
rook (in chess);
Aranie;
Erculin and Vair;
Miskál.
—— (of Proper Names),
Curd;
Dzungaria;
Chingintalas;
Cambuscan;
Oirad;
Kungurat;
Manzi;
Bayan;
Kinsay;
Japan;
Sornau;
Narkandam;
Ceylon;
Ma'bar;
Chilaw;
Mailapúr;
Sônagarpattanam;
Punnei-Káyal, Káyal;
Kollam (Coilum);
Hili (Ely);
Cambaet;
Mangla and Nebila;
Socotra;
Colesseeah;
Caligine;
Aijaruc;
Nemej.
—— Chinese.
Etzina.
Eunuchs,
procured from Bengal.
Euphrates,
said to flow into the Caspian.
Euphratesia.
Euxine, see Black Sea.
Evelyn's Diary.
Execution of Princes of the Blood, mode of.
Eyircayá.
Facen, Dr. J. Faghfur (Facfur, Emperor of Southern China), meaning of title; his effeminate diversions; decay of his palace. Faizabad in Badakhshan. Fakanúr. Fakata. Fakhruddin Ahmad, Prince of Hormuz. Falconers, Kúblái's. Falcons, of Kerman, Saker and Lanner; peregrine; Kúblái's. Famine, horrors. Fanchán, P'ingchang, title of a second class Cabinet Minister. Fanchan Lake. Fan-ching, siege of. Fandaraina. Fang, see Squares. Fansur, in Sumatra, kingdom of. Fansuri camphor. Fan Wen-hu, or Fan-bunko, a General in Japanese Expedition. Fariab, or Pariab. Faro of Constantinople. Farriers, none in S. India. Fars, province. Fashiyah, Atabeg dynasty. Fassa. Fasting days, Buddhist. Fattan, in Ma'bar. Fatten, 'Ali Sháh. Fausto, Vettor, his Quinquereme. Fazl, Ibn Hassan (Fazluïeh-Hasunïeh). Feili, Lurs dynasty. Female attendants on Chinese Emperors. Ferlec, in Sumatra, kingdom of (Parlák), Hill people. Fernandez, or Moravia, Valentine. Ferrier, General. Festivals, Order of the Kaan's. Fiag, or Pog River. Ficus Vasta. Fidáwí, Ismailite adepts. Filial Piety in China. Filippi, Professor F. de, Silk industry in Ghílán. Finn. Fiordelisa, daughter of younger Maffeo Polo. —— supposed to be Nicolo Polo's second wife. —— wife of Felice Polo. Firando Island. Firdús, Ismailite Castle. Firdúsí. Fire, affected by height of Pamir Plain, regulations at Kinsay. Fire-baptism, ascribed to Abyssinians. Fire-Pao (cannon?). Fire-worship, or rockets, in Persia, by the Sensin in Cathay. Firishta, the historian. Fish miracle in Georgia, in the Caspian; and date diet; supply at Kinsay; food for cattle; stored for man and beast. Fish-oil, used for rubbing ships. Florin, or ducat. Flour (Sago), trees producing. Flückiger, Dr. Fog, dry. Fo-kien, see Fu-chau. Folin (Byzantine Empire). Fondaco. Foot-mark on Adam's Peak, q.v.. Foot-posts in Cathay. Forg. Formosa, Plain (Harmuza). Forsyth, Sir T. Douglas. Fortune, R. Foundlings, provision for. Four-horned sheep. Fowls with hair. Foxes, black. Fozlán, Ibn. Fra terre (Interior). Fracastoro, Jerome. Franciscan converts, in Volga region at Yang-chau; Zayton. Francolin (darráj of the Persians), black partridge. Frankincense, see Incense. Frederic II., Emperor, his account of the Tartars; story of implicit obedience; his cheetas; his leather money; his giraffe. French, the original language of Polo's Book; its large diffusion in that age. French Expedition up the Kamboja River. Frenchmen, riding long like. French mission and missionaries in China. Frère charnel. Frere, Sir B. Froissart. Fu-chau (Fo-kien, Fuju), paper-money at; wild hill people of; its identity; language of; tooth relique at. Fuen (Fen) ho River. Funeral rites, Chinese, in Tangut; of the Kaans; at Kinsay. (See also Dead.). Fungul, city of. Furs, of the Northern Regions. Fusang, Mexico (?). Fuyang. Fuzo, see Fu-chau.
Gabala, Bishop of.
Gagry, maritime defile of.
Gaisue, officer of Kúblái's Mathematical Board. Galeasse, Venetian gallery. Galingale. Galletti, Marco. Galleys of the Middle Ages, war, arrangement of rowers; number of oars; dimensions; tactics in fight; toil in rowing; strength and cost of crew; staff of fleet; Joinville's description of; customs of. Galley-slaves not usual in Middle Ages. Gambling, prohibited by Kúblái. Game, see Sport. Game Laws, Mongol. Game, supplied to Court of Cambaluc. Ganapati Kings. Gandar, Father. Gandhára, Buddhist name for Yun-nan. Ganfu, port of Kinsay. Ganja, gate of. Gan-p'u. Gantanpouhoa, Kúblái's son. Gantûr. Gardenia, fruit and dyes. Gardiner's (misprinted Gardner's) Travels. Gardner, C. Garmsir, Ghermseer (Cremesor), Hot Region. Garnier, Lieut. Francis (journey to Talifu). Garrisons, Mongol, in Cathay and Manzi, disliked by the people. Garuda. Gate of Iron, ascribed to Derbend. Gates, of Kaan's palace, of Cambaluc; of Somnath. Gat-pauls, Gatopaul, Gatos-paulas. Gatto maimone. Gauenispola Island. Gaur (Bos Gaurus, etc.). Gauristan. Gavraz villages. Gazaria. Gedrosi. Gelath in Imeretia, Iron Gate at. Geliz, Spanish for silk dealer. Genealogy of Polos, errors as given by Barbaro, etc., in; tabular; of House of Chinghiz. Genoa, Polo's captivity at. —— and Pisa, rivalry, and wars of. —— and Venice, rivalry and wars of. Genoese, their growth in skill and splendour, character as seamen by poet of their own; character by old Italian author; capture of Soldaia; their navigation of the Caspian; trade in box-wood; their merchants at Tabriz; in Fo-kien. Gentile Plural names converted into local singulars. Geographical Text of Polo's Book constantly quoted, its language; proofs that it is the original; tautology; source of other texts. George (Jirjis, Yurji, Gurgán), king of Tenduc, of the time of Prester John; a possible descendant of. Georgia (Georgiana), beauty of, and its inhabitants; their kings. Gerfalcons (Shonkár); tablets engraved with. Gerini, Colonel. German Follower of the Polos. Ghaissuddin Balban (Asedin Soldan), Sultan of Delhi. Gháran country, ruby mines in. Gházán (Casan) Khan of Persia, son of Arghún, his regard for the Polos; marries the Lady Kukachin; his mosque at Tabriz; set to watch the Khorasan frontier; obtains the throne; his object and accomplishments. Ghel, or Ghelan (Ghel-u-chelan), Sea of, Caspian Sea. Ghellé (Gílí), silk of the Gíl province. Ghes, or Kenn (formerly Kish or Kais). Ghez tree. Ghiuju. Ghiyas ed-din, last Prince of Kurd dynasty. Ghori, or Aksarai River. Ghúls, goblins. Ghúr. Giglioli, Professor H. Gíl, or Gílán, province. Gilgit. Gill, Captain (River of Golden Sand). Ginao, Mt. and Hot Springs. Gindanes of Herodotus. Ginger, Shan-si; Caindu; alleged to grow in Kiangnan; Fuju; Coilum; different qualities and prices of; Ely; Malabar; Guzerat. Giraffes, mediaeval notices of. Girardo, Paul. Girdkuh, an Ismailite fortress, its long defence. Girls, consecrated to idols in India. Gittarchan, see Astrakhan. Glaza (Ayas, q.v.). Gleemen and jugglers, conquer Mien. Goa. Gobernador, Straits of. Goës, Benedict. Gog and Magog (Ung and Mungul), legend of; rampart of; country of; name suggested by Wall of China. Gogo. Goître at Yarkand. Golconda diamond mines. Gold, Frankincense, and Myrrh, their mystic meaning. Gold dust in Tibet, exchanged for salt in Caindu; Brius River; in Kin-shia-Kiang; and nuggets in Carajan; abundant in Yun-nan; Caugigu; Coloman; infinite in Chipangu; in Sea of Chin Islands; dust in Gulf of Cheinan Islands; not found in Java; in Locac; the Malayo-Siamese territories; Sumatra; vast accumulations in South India; imported into Malabar; and into Cambay; purchased in Socotra. Gold and silver towers of Mien. —— cloths of. (See Silk and Gold.). —— of the Gryphons in Herodotus. —— Teeth (Zardandan), Western Yun-nan. —— to silver, relative value of. Golden King and Prester John, tale of the. —— Island. —— Horde (kings of the Ponent). Golfo, Indigo di. Gomispola, Gomispoda, see Gauenispola. Gomushtapah, Wall of. Gomuti palm. Gondophares, a king in the St. Thomas legends. Gordon's "Ever Victorious Army". Gordun Sháh. Göring, F. Goriosan. Gor Khar, wild ass. Goshawks, black. Gothia (Crimean), its limit and language. Govy, a low caste in Maabar. Goza. Gozurat, see Guzerat. Grail, Buddhist parallel to the Holy. Granaries, Imperial. Grapes in Shan-si. Grass-cloths. Grasso, Donato. Great Bear (Meistre), and Little, force of, and application of these epithets. Great, or Greater Sea (Black Sea). Greece, Bactria's relation to. Greek fire. Greeks, in Turcomania, and Greek tongue in Socotra; possible relic of. Green, Rev. D.D. —— Island, legendary. —— Islands. —— Mount, Cambaluc. —— R., see Tsien Tang. Gregorieff, his excavations at Sarai. Gregory X., Pope, see Theobald of Piacenza. Grenard. Grioni, Zanino. Griut (kurut), sour-curd. Groat, Venetian grosso. Groot, Professor, J.J.M. de. Grote, Arthur. Grueber and Dorville, Jesuit travellers. Grus, cinerea, antigone, leucogeranus, monachus. Gryphon, see Rue. Guasmul (Basmul), half-breeds. Guchluk. Gudar (village). Gudderi, musk animals, Tibet. Gudran. Guebers, the. Gujáh, Húlákú's chief secretary. Gugal, bdellum. Guilds of craftsmen at Kinsay. —— Venetian. Guinea-fowl. Guions, a quasi-Tibetan tribe. Gumish-Khának, silver mines. Gunpowder. Gurgan, a Tartar chief. Gurgan, son-in-law, a title. Gur-Khan of Karacathay. Gutturals, Mongol elision of. Guz=100. Guzerat (Gozurat), products, mediaeval architecture and dress; work.